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Science 9 > unit 3 review > Flashcards

unit 3 review Flashcards

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1
Q

electric charge that stays in one place

A

static electricity

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2
Q

change in potential energy per one coulomb of charge

A

voltage

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3
Q

continuous flow of charge in a circuit

A

current

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4
Q

ratio of voltage to the current

A

resistance

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5
Q

what does the current in each part of a parallel circuit depend on?

A

it depends on the resistance of each path

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6
Q

amount of current in a series circuit

A

(series) the current is the same throughout the whole circuit and is equal to the current supplied by the battery

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7
Q

amount of voltage in a series circuit

A

(series) the voltage across each of the loads in a circuit add up to the voltage supplied by the battery

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8
Q

what happens if you add a resistor in a series circuit?

A

(series) resistors placed in a series circuit INCREASES the total resistance in a circuit; current DECREASES

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9
Q

amount of current in a parallel circuit

A

(parallel) the current through each pathway add up to the total current supplied by the battery

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10
Q

amount of voltage in a parallel circuit

A

(parallel) the voltage across each load are EQUAL TO EACH OTHER and to the voltage to supplied by the battery

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11
Q

what happens if you add a resistor to a parallel circuit?

A

(parallel) resistors in a parallel circuit DECREASE the total resistance; current INCREASES

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12
Q

what is the unit of measurement for electrical potential difference?

A

volt

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13
Q

what is the unit of measurement for current?

A

amperes

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14
Q

what is the unit of measurement for resistance?

A

ohm

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15
Q

what is the unit of measurement for electrical charge?

A

coulomb

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16
Q

what is a unit of measurement for power?

A

watt

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17
Q

define power

A

the rate of energy conversion

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18
Q

(circuit) a device that controls electric current by turning on and off

A

switch

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19
Q

(circuit) a device that converts electrical energy to other forms of energy

A

load

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20
Q

a complete pathway that allows electrons to flow

A

circuit

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21
Q

(circuit) what is a source?

A

a source of energy

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22
Q

(circuit) what is a conductor?

A

it is a wire where current flows

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23
Q

what type of energy does a moving object have?

A

kinetic energy

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24
Q

what is the unit for measuring energy?

A

joule

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25
Q

name of the location where a circuit divides into different pathways

A

junction point

26
Q

rate of change in energy

A

amper

27
Q

what is the charge of an object after it is grounded?

A

neutral

28
Q

(device) what is an insulator?

A

it keeps charge in one place

29
Q

(device) what is a conductor?

A

it allows charges to move more easily

30
Q

what is an electric force?

A

it is a force at a distance

31
Q

how do you increase electric force

A

increase amount of charge in objects;

decrease distance between charged objects

32
Q

device that scientists used to create static charges

A

Van de Graaf generator

33
Q

what is an acetate?

A

acetate is a transparent piece of plastic

34
Q

like charges ______

A

repel

35
Q

opposite charges ______

A

attract

36
Q

charged objects _________

A

are attracted to neutral objects

37
Q

(force) if you increase the amount of charge on objects,

A

you increase the electric force

38
Q

(force) if you increase the distance between objects,

A

you decrease the electric force

39
Q

how to calculate power?

A

Power = Energy x time

40
Q

how to calculate energy

A

Energy = Power x time

41
Q

how to calculate joules?

A

watts x seconds

42
Q

the two terminals of a flashlight battery

A

electrodes

43
Q

the moist paste that electrodes sit in

A

electrolyte

44
Q

subatomic particle with a positive charge

A

proton

45
Q

subatomic particle with a negative charge

A

electron

46
Q

a push or pull

A

force

47
Q

a force that only have an effect on objects they touch

A

contact force

48
Q

the act of allowing charge to flow into Earth’s surface

A

grouding

49
Q

the end points where a connection is made

A

terminals/electrodes

50
Q

the ability to do work

A

energy

51
Q

a sudden increase of voltage to tens and thousands of volts

A

electrical surge

52
Q

an electrical component that has a specific resitance

A

resistor

53
Q

how does an atom become positive?

A

it gains protons

54
Q

how does an atom become negative?

A

it gains electrons

55
Q

charging by conduction

A

charging a neutral object by touching it to a charged object

56
Q

charging by induction

A

temporarily “charging” a neutral object by bringing a charged object near it

57
Q

conventional current

A

positive terminal > circuit > negative

58
Q

electron flow

A

negative terminal > circuit > positive

59
Q

if 4.0 A of current enters the junction point of a parallel circuit, how much total current must leave that junction point?

A

4.0 A

60
Q

define electric power

A

the rate at which electric potential energy is transformed

61
Q

charging by friction

A

when objects rub together and electrons move from the surface of one object to the other

Science 9 (5 decks)

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