Unit 3 Pulmonary physiology Flashcards
(41 cards)
What sets basic drive in brain stem
Respiratory neurons
What is ventilation of alveoli couples with
Perfusion of pulmonary capillaries
Where in the brain stem are respiratory centers located
Dorsal and Ventral medulla (pneumotaxis, Apneustic)
What influences the respiratory centers
Higher brain centers
Peripheral mechanoreceptors
Peripheral + Central chemoreceptors
What are the muscles of Inspiration
Diaphragm External intercostals SCM ant + post sup Serratus Scaleni Levator costarum
What are the muscles of Expiration
Abdominals
Internal intercostals
post Inf serratus
Transverse thoracis
What is the job of muscles of inspiration
Increase thoracic cage volume
What keeps the lung inflated
Pleural pressure
What is pleural pressure
Neg pressure between parietal and visceral pleura
Alveolar pressure is _____ during inspiration
Subatmospheric
Alveolar pressure is _____ during expiration
Supra-atmospheric
What is used to measure the recoil tendency of the lung
Transpulmonary pressure
What is Transpulmonary pressure
Difference between alveolar P and Pleural P
When is Transpulmonary pressure at its highest
at the end of inspiration
What is the relation between Pleural pressure and lung volume at the onset of inspiration
Pleural pressure changes faster than lung volume
What is the measure of the lungs ability to stretch and expand
Compliance of the lung
What effect does the thoracic cage have on lung compliance
Reduces compliance by 1/2 at the end of a normal expiration
When is lung compliance greatly reduced
at high or low lung volumes
What accounts for most of the work done in breathing
Lung compliance
How much energy is required for ventilation
3-5% of total body energy
What is the name given for normal breathing
Eupnea
What is Hyperpnea
increased depth of breathing
What type of breathing is associated with an increase in metabolic demand
Hypernea
What is Hyperventilation
Increased Rate, no change in depth of breathing
