Unit 3- Particle Model Of Matter

Question 1

Describe solid particle model

Answer 1

Fixed, regular arrangement, not much energy only vibrate, high density

Question 2

Describe liquid particle model

Answer 2

close together, can move past each other, irregular arrangements, more energy than in solids, move in random directions at low speeds, less dense than solid

Question 3

Describe gas particle model

Answer 3

Free to move, random directions, high speeds, low density, more energy

Question 4

Density equation

Answer 4

Mass/ volume

Question 5

Gas to liquid

Answer 5

Condensation

Question 6

Liquid to gas

Answer 6

Evaporation

Question 7

What is specific latent heat

Answer 7

Energy needed to change the state of a substance

Question 8

Specific latent heat equation

Answer 8

Energy = mass x specific latent heat

Question 9

What can a change in pressure cause

Answer 9

Change in volume

Question 10

What is density a measure of

Answer 10

Compactness

Question 11

Unit of specific latent heat

Answer 11

J/kg

Question 12

Unit of density

Answer 12

Kg/m3

Question 13

How do you find a density of a liquid

Answer 13

1) place measuring cylinder on balance
2) pour 10ml of liquid into cylinder and record liquids mass
3) pour 10ml liquid into measuring cylinder and record total volume and mass
4)repeat process until measuring cylinder is full
5) for each measurement use formula to find density
6) take an average of your calculated denisitys

Question 14

What is internal energy

Answer 14

the total amount of kinetic energy and potential energy

Question 15

What happens to particles when they are heated

Answer 15

the particles gain kinetic energy and move faster

Question 16

True or false? Mass stay the same when a substance changes state

Answer 16

True

Question 17

Explain how a gas in a sealed container exerts a pressure on the walls of the container

Answer 17

because of the force exerted by the gas particles on the walls of the container

Question 18

What increases when work is done on an object

Answer 18

Temperature ( increases its internal energy)

Question 19

Name 5 energy stores

Answer 19

Thermal, gravitational potential , kinetic, elastic potential, chemical

Question 20

What is a system

Answer 20

A single object or a group of objects

Question 21

Explain how a temperature increase would affect the pressure exerted by a the gas

Answer 21

It would increase the pressure in the tube
Because higher temp would cause higher kinetic energy of particles

Question 22

The internal energy of the air increases as the tyre is inflated. Explain why

Answer 22

Work is done on air in the tyre
So temp increases

Question 23

Disadvantages of wind turbines

Answer 23

Not enough in the uk
Has to be fairly windy

Question 24

How does oiling affect efficiency of the wind turbine

Answer 24

• increase efficiency
• amount of energy produced would increase
• because less friction

Question 25

Why should people be encouraged to use energy efficient electrical devices

Answer 25

Minimise electricity demand
More efficient devices would waste less energy

Question 26

Why should you calculate a mean

Answer 26

Anomalies can be removed

Question 27

What is the resolution for 87.4

Answer 27

0.1

Question 28

Why was the total power output greater than 735w when performing an exercise

Answer 28

-Some energy is wasted in her muscles
-some energy transferred to thermal surroundings

Question 29

As the plane move upwards there is a decrease in what energy store

Answer 29

Kinetic

Question 30

During nuclear fusion what happens to the mass of the particles

Answer 30

Decreases

Question 31

Environmental impact of generating electricity using fossil fuels

Answer 31

Releases carbon dioxide which causes global warming

Question 32

Explain why solar panels cannot generate all electricity of the Uk

Answer 32

-Really large area of land would need to be covered with solar cells
-Due to low use power output of solar cells

Question 33

Advantage of transmitting electricity at high potential difference

Answer 33

High p.d so low current
So less thermal energy to surrounding
So increased efficiency

Question 34

Why could a person receive a fatal sock if kite touched the power cable

Answer 34

Electric field is high
Causing the air to become ionising
The kite conducts charge to the person

Question 35

What is a biofuel

Answer 35

Fuel that is made from recently living organisms

Question 36

Advantages of biolfuels

Answer 36

Cheap to make, easy to transport,

Question 37

Disadvantages of biofuels

Answer 37

Release loads of co 2, need somewhere to grow all these plants

Question 38

Why can evaporation cool things down

Answer 38

When a hotter particle near the surface of the liquid ‘breaks free’ from it’s liquid bonds, it escapes as a gas, carrying away energy from the rest of the liquid. The average energy of the liquid therefore decreases - in other words, the liquid cools down.

Question 39

one kilogram of a gas has a much ,larger volume than one kilogram of solid why

Answer 39

This is because there is empty space between the particles in a gas, whereas in a solid, they are tightly packed together. Since we divide by volume, this must mean that the density of the gas is much smaller than the density of the solid

Question 40

What is kinetic theory

Answer 40

can be used to explain the properties of solids, liquids and gases by considering the molecules they are made from and their motion