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AP Comparative Government > Unit 3, Part A: Executive & Bureaucracy > Flashcards

Unit 3, Part A: Executive & Bureaucracy Flashcards

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1
Q

Bureaucracy

A

Helps executives carry out laws

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2
Q

In England who are the individuals who are in charge of the bureaucracy also apart of?

A

Parliament

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3
Q

What other positions does the British Prime Minister hold?

A
  • Minister of Justice

- position in HOC

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4
Q

What do the career bureaucrats think of the British Prime Minister?

A

They think the PM doesn’t know what they’re doing

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5
Q

NGO

A

Non-Governmental Organization

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6
Q

What is an NGO?

A

a group that provides services outside of the gov’t; an org. that wants to do something overseas

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7
Q

Why aren’t NGOs popular in authoritarian regimes?

A

The government loses power

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8
Q

QUANGO

A

Quasi Autonomous Non-Governmental Organization

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9
Q

What is a QUANGO?

A

An organization that provides direct services to the British people, but aren’t apart of the government

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10
Q

Who has more power a QUANGO or the government?

A

QUANGO

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11
Q

Do people in British leadership positions have legitimacy?

A

No

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12
Q

Why don’t people in British leadership positions have legitimacy?

A

The people don’t think they know what they’re doing

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13
Q

How did people in British leadership positions get their jobs?

A

Political connection

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14
Q

Who has the top-level positions in British Bureaucracy?

A

Whichever party has the majority in the HOC

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15
Q

Which party is in control of the British Bureaucracy now?

A

Conservative

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16
Q

What happens to the minority party not in power in British Bureaucracy?

A

Loyal opposition

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17
Q

What did the Labour Party do as a result of being the minority in British Bureaucracy?

A

Created their own cabinet and positions by creating the Shadow Cabinet

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18
Q

What does the Shadow Cabinet do?

A

Monitors, questions, and exposes the Cabinet

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19
Q

In Russia what is the CPSU?

A

The Communist Party of the Soviet Union

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20
Q

What does the CPSU act as?

A

The connection between the political party and government jobs

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21
Q

Nomenklatura

A

Highly structured, grooming into a career process

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22
Q

What happened when there was no CPSU?

A

Multiple parties emerged

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23
Q

What happened to government positions after there was no CPSU?

A

Government positions were handed out by who has the power (Oligarchs)

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24
Q

Who has more power the Deputy PM or the Minister?

A

Minister

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25
Q

Who chooses the Deputy PM and the Minister?

A

The President

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26
Q

Who approves the Deputy PM and the Minister?

A

The Duma

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27
Q

Who is the PM to the Deputy PM and the Minister?

A

Recommended and works for the PM

28
Q

Cadre

A

A civil servant who holds a position in gov’t and a political (revolutionary) party

29
Q

What is the relationship between the CP and the CS (in China)?

A

They intertwine

30
Q

What was 1949-Mid 1970s?

A

The Era of Mao

31
Q

What happened during the Era of Mao?

A
  • full on Communism
  • 0% unemployment
  • bureaucracy growing/ economy shrinking
32
Q

Why was the unemployment rate 0% (in China)?

A

People worked for the government (bureaucracy)

33
Q

What happened when the Chinese bureaucracy was rapidly changing?

A

The gov’t expenditures goes up

34
Q

Mid 1970s (China)

A

Mao dies

35
Q

August 1980 (China)

A

Deng announces plan of democratic reform

- shrink bureaucracy (top heavy)

36
Q

1982 (China)

A

Reform began at National Level

37
Q

Mid 1980s (China)

A

Revolutionary leaders were kicked out

- technocrats left had Deng’s reform vision

38
Q

What happened as a result of the technocrats left having the reform vision? (China)

A

The economy started to expand faster than the bureaucracy

39
Q

1990s (China)

A

Rapid growth (still today)

40
Q

In Iran what were bureaucrats also?

A

Technocrats

41
Q

First half of 20th century (Iran)

A

Bureaucracy weak

42
Q

1924, after Phalabi Dynasty (Iran)

A

Bureaucracy is stronger

- more professional

43
Q

1950s/60s (Iran)

A

The White Revolution

44
Q

What happened during the White Revolution?

A

Secularization

- result: professionally trained bureaucracy

45
Q

1970s (Iran)

A

Shah’s and the people’s relationship deteriorates

46
Q

1979 (Iran)

A

Bureaucracy had legitimacy (efficient)

  • Shah was in other policies (removing Sharia)
  • First Ayatollah: Ruhollah Khomeini
  • New Constitution based on Islam
47
Q

1980-1988 (Iran)

A

Iran/Iraq War

- rid of discontent (crackdown)

48
Q

1974 (Iran)

A

Bureaucracy is a threat (executed, exiled)

49
Q

What happened as a result of 1974 (Iran)?

A

Government didn’t know what to do

  • jobs based on connection
  • bureaucracy grows marginally
50
Q

1990s (Iran)

A

Gov’t realized bureaucracy was a problem

  • bring back technocrats (subservient positions)
  • corruption in bureaucracy
51
Q

What happened as a result of corruption in the Iranian bureaucracy in the 1990s?

A

Cut down size to make manageable

52
Q

What has been happening over the last 20 years in Iran?

A

The had to sell state-owned countries to finance things (still broke)

53
Q

Patrino Cliento System

A

Help somebody with their campaign to join group/party

54
Q

Who was in control of Mexico in the 1800s?

A

Warlords

55
Q

What was the local warlords jobs? (Mexico)

A

Provide benefits to the ppl

- in control of 10Ks of ppl

56
Q

Camarilla

A

Offices that originally run by the warlords that gave benefits to the ppl

57
Q

What happened in the early 20th century (Mexico)?

A

Mexican Revolution

58
Q

What happened as a result of the Camarilla modernizing (Mexico)?

A

PRI would award benefits & gov’t jobs for ppl who support party

59
Q

Parastatal (Mexico)

A

State-owned enterprise

  • another name for gov. corp. business that are gov’t owned
  • Gov’t makes $
60
Q

When was PEMEX created?

A

1938

61
Q

Who was in power during the creation of PEMEX?

A

Lazaro

62
Q

What did Lazaro do to oil during his presidency? (Mexico)

A

Nationalized oil

63
Q

How is PEMEX doing today? (Mexico)

A

Most of revenue goes to gov’t and makes most of the gov’t revenue
- less competitiveness = further behind in oil industry

64
Q

Pre-bendalism (Nigeria)

A

When your group or clan takes control you can give out gov’t jobs

65
Q

Patrimonialism (Nigeria)

A

The dictator (TD: President)

66
Q

What happened in 2006? (Nigeria)

A

31/36 state governors were accused of corruption

AP Comparative Government (2 decks)

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