Unit 3- Middle East Flashcards
Arab-Israeli conflict in Cold War
Russians lied to the Arab nations so they would attack
PLO
allowed more Jewish settlers into the occupied territories
Islamic Scriptures
Qu’ran- Surahs: chapters, Hadith: Muhammad narratives, sharia: Muslim law
Abrahamic religions similarities
J: emphasis on practice
C: salvation, original sin
I: Judgement Day, good & evil
Holy sites of Jerusalem
western wall, dome of the rock, tomb of the holy sepulchre
five pillars of Islam
- salat- prayer
- zakat- almsgiving
- Ramadan- fasting
- Hajj- pilgrimage
- Shahadah- witness
spread of Islam (why?)
trade routes
Hejira
the migration of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to medina, turning point in Islam
hajj
pilgrimage to Mecca
caliph
successor to the prophet
crusade
1095: Byzantines were threatened by Seljuk power, called “truce of god” to take the holy land
mandate
legal instrument for the administration of Palestine, approved by League of Nations- able to act as representative
anti-semitism
anti-Jewish
women in Islam
dress modestly, stay home and do housework
ataturk
father of Turk mustafa Kemal (1881-1938)
Persian gulf war cause
US protects Kuwait’s oil fields
OPEC
announced oil embargo, refused to trade with somebody, caused worldwide recession
1979 revolution in Iran
US support for corrupt regime, student & clergy strikes, conservative theocracy created
post WWI peace settlement in Palestine
British promised to give Jews Palestine for support, same promise to Arabs (Balfour declaration)
post WWII Palestine
main concern was to protect itself, maintain its territory
