UNIT 3. METALS & METTALURGY

Question 1

Most metals come from ___. A ___ is a naturally occurring substance with a range of chemical composition.

Answer 1

minerals, mineral

Question 2

A mineral deposit concentrated enough to allow economical recovery of a desired metal is known as ___.

Answer 2

ore

Question 3

a naturally occurring mineral containing a valuable constituent (such as metal) for which it is mined and worked.

Answer 3

Ore

Question 4

a source from which valuable matter is extracted.

Answer 4

Ore

Question 5

A rock that contains enough metal or metal compounds so that it can be mined profitably

Answer 5

Ore

Question 6

Naturally occuring substances of metals present in the earth’s crust

Answer 6

minerals

Question 7

minerals which can be used to obtain the metal profitably

Answer 7

ores

Question 8

(TRUE OR FALSE) all minerals are not ores

Answer 8

TRUE

Question 9

(TRUE OR FALSE) all minerals are ores

Answer 9

FALSE

Question 10

(TRUE OR FALSE) All ores are not essentially minerals

Answer 10

FALSE

Question 11

(TRUE OR FALSE) All ores are essentially minerals

Answer 11

TRUE

Question 12

Is a solid chemical compound. It has a well-defined compound structure that occurs in pure form

Answer 12

Mineral

Question 13

Is a naturally occurring solid material. It is a source from which valuable materials are extracted.

Answer 13

Ore

Question 14

The most abundant metals, which exist as minerals in Earth’s crust, are ___

Answer 14

aluminum, iron, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, titanium, and manganese

Question 15

is a rich source of some metal ions, including Na+, Mg2+, and Ca2+. Furthermore, vast areas of the ocean floor are covered with manganese nodules, which are made up mostly of manganese, along with iron, nickel, copper, and cobalt in a chemically combined state

Answer 15

Seawater

Question 16

is the science and technology of separating metals from their ores and of compounding alloys.

Answer 16

Metallurgy

Question 17

An ___ is a solid solution either of two or more metals, or of a metal or metals with one or more nonmetals.

Answer 17

alloy

Question 18

The three principal steps in the recovery of a metal from its ore are:

Answer 18

(1) preparation of the ore,
(2) production of the metal, and
(3) purification of the metal.

Question 19

metallic substance composed of two or more elements, as either a compound or a solution.

Answer 19

Alloy

Question 20

____ is the valuable resource that is extracted for its energy content

Answer 20

coal

Question 21

___ is the waste material that accompanies the coal deposit and needs to be separated during the mining and processing operations.

Answer 21

gangue

Question 22

In this process, the ore is finely ground and added to water containing oil and detergent. The liquid mixture is then beaten or blown to form a froth.

Answer 22

Flotation

Question 23

(Flotation) Another physical separation process makes use of the ___ of certain minerals.

Answer 23

magnetic properties

Question 24

are strongly attracted to magnets.

Answer 24

Ferromagnetic metals

Question 25

The ___, in particular, can be separated from the gangue by using a strong electromagnet.

Answer 25

mineral magnetite (Fe3O4)

Question 26

___ is another ferromagnetic metal.

Answer 26

Cobalt

Question 27

Mercury forms ___ with a number of metals.

Answer 27

amalgams

Question 28

An ___ is an alloy of mercury with another metal or metals.

Answer 28

amalgam

Question 29

___ can therefore be used to extract metal from ore

Answer 29

Mercury

Question 30

Mercury dissolves the ___ and ___ in an ore to form a liquid amalgam, which is easily separated from the remaining ore.

Answer 30

silver, gold

Question 31

The gold or silver is recovered by ___

Answer 31

distilling off mercury.

Question 32

is an alloy of mercury with one or more metals

Answer 32

amalgam

Question 33

___ and ___ are particularly suitable for the extraction of iron.

Answer 33

Hematite and magnetite

Question 34

___ is granular and brittle. It has a relatively low melting point (about 1180°C), also called ___.

Answer 34

Pig iron, cast iron

Question 35

___ is made from iron ore, a compound of iron, oxygen and other minerals that occurs in nature.

Answer 35

Steel

Question 36

One of several methods used in steelmaking is the ___.

Answer 36

basic oxygen process

Question 37

Three common purification procedures are ___

Answer 37

distillation, electrolysis, and zone refining.

Question 38

___ is the thermodynamics process using the difference of boiling points of metal alloy to separate them from each other.

Answer 38

Metal distillation

Question 39

One well-known method of fractional distillation is the Mond process for the purification of nickel.

Answer 39

Distillation

Question 40

___ is passed over the impure nickel metal at about 70°C to form the volatile tetracarbonylnickel, a highly toxic substance, which is separated from the less volatile impurities by distillation

Answer 40

Carbon monoxide gas

Question 41

___ is another important purification technique.

Answer 41

Electrolysis

Question 42

Another often-used method of obtaining extremely pure metals is ___.

Answer 42

Zone refining