Unit 3: Lower Extremity Osteology (important landmarks)

Question 1

Anterior gluteal line

Answer 1

O: gluteus medius (ext surface of ilium bw ant and post gluteal lines)

Question 2

Posterior gluteal line

Answer 2

O: gluteus maximus (Ilium of the hip bone posterior to the posterior gluteal line )

Question 3

Inferior gluteal line

Answer 3

O: gluteus minimus (ext surface of ilium bw ant and inf gluteal lines)

Question 4

Iliac crest

Answer 4

O: tensor fasciae Latae (partial)
O: iliacus (partial)

Question 5

Iliac fossa

Answer 5

O: iliacus

Question 6

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

Answer 6

O: Sartorius
O: Tensor Fasciae Latae (partial)

Question 7

Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine

Answer 7

O: Rectus Femoris

Question 8

Auricular Surface

Answer 8

Articulation w/ Sacrum

Question 9

Obturator Foramen

Answer 9

O: obturator externus (margins of foramen and obturator membrane)
O: obturator internus (pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones)

Question 10

Body of the Pubis

Answer 10

O: levator ani (partial origin)
O: adductor longus (inferior to pubic crest)
O: adductor brevis (partial origin)
O: gracilis (partial origin)

Question 11

Symphysial Surface

Answer 11

Articulation w/ pubic symphysis

Question 12

Superior Ramus of the Pubis

Answer 12

O: Pectineus

Question 13

Inferior Ramus of the pubis

Answer 13

O: adductor brevis (partial origin)
O: adductor magnus (adductor part; partial origin)
O: gracilis (partial origin)

Question 14

Ischial Ramus

Answer 14

O: adductor magnus (adductor part; partial origin)

Question 15

Ischial Tuberosity

Answer 15

O: semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris (long head), adductor magnus (hamstrings part; partial origin)
O: inferior gemellus
O: quadratus femoris

Question 16

Ischial Spine

Answer 16

O: levator ani (partial origin)
O: coccygeus
O: superior gemellus

Question 17

Greater Sciatic Notch

Answer 17

O: piriformis (superior margin of GSN; partial origin)

Question 18

Greater Trochanter

Answer 18

(lateral)
I:gluteus medius (lat surface of greater trochanter of femur)
I: gluteus minimus (ant surface of greater trochanter of femur)
I: piriformis (superior border of greater trochanter of femur)
O: vastus lateralis (partial origin)

Question 19

Lesser Trochanter

Answer 19

(medial)

I: iliopsoas (psoas major and iliacus)

Question 20

Trochanteric Fossa

Answer 20

I: obturator externus
I: obturator internus
I: superior gemellus
I: inferior gemellus

Question 21

Quadrate Tubercle

Answer 21

I: quadratus femoris

Question 22

Intertrochanteric Line

Answer 22

O: vastus medialis (partial origin)

Question 23

Gluteal Tuberosity

Answer 23

I: gluteus maximus (about 25% of the fibers)
I: adductor magnus (adductor part; partial insertion)

Question 24

Pectineal Line

Answer 24

I: pectineus
I: psoas minor
I: adductor brevis

Question 25

Linea Aspera

Answer 25

O: vastus medialis (partial origin) I: adductor longus (middle third of linea aspera of femur) I: adductor magnus (adductor part; partial insertion)

Question 26

Lateral Lip of Linea Aspera

Answer 26

O: vastus lateralis (partial origin) | O biceps femoris (short head; partial origin)

Question 27

Popliteal Surface

Answer 27

O: gastrocnemius (medial head; popliteal surface of femur, superior to medial condyle)

Question 28

Adductor Tubercle

Answer 28

Medial side | I: adductor magnus (hamstring part)

Question 29

Medial Supracondylar Line

Answer 29

I: adductor magnus (adductor part, partial insertion)

Question 30

Lateral Supracondylar Line

Answer 30

``` O: biceps femoris (short head; partial origin) O plantaris (inferior end of lateral supracondylar line) ```

Question 31

Lateral Condyle

Answer 31

O: gastrocnemius (lateral head; lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur) O: popliteus (lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur)

Question 32

Base of Patella

Answer 32

I: Quadriceps femoris via quadriceps tendon

Question 33

Medial Condyle

Answer 33

I: semimembranosus (posterior part of medial condyle of tibia)

Question 34

Tibial Tuberosity

Answer 34

I: quadriceps femoris via patellar ligament

Question 35

Gerdy's Tubercle

Answer 35

I: gluteus maximus via iliotibial (IT) band (anterolateral tibial tubercle); about 75% of the fibers

Question 36

Shaft of Tibia

Answer 36

I: sartorius (superior part of medial surface of tibia; pes anserinus)- superior medial surface I: gracilis (superior part of medial surface of tibia; pes anserinus) I: semitendinosus (superior part of medial surface of tibia; pes anserinus)

Question 37

Soleal Line of the Tibia

Answer 37

O: soleus (partial origin) I: popliteus (posterior surface of tibia, superior to soleal line)

Question 38

Head of Fibula

Answer 38

I: biceps femoris (short and long heads; lateral side of head of fibula) O: soleus (posterior aspect of head and superior quarter of posterior surface of fibula; partial origin)

Question 39

Calcaneus

Answer 39

I: Gastrocnemius (both heads), soleus, and plantaris (posterior surface of calcaneus via tendocalcaneus (Achille's tendon)

Question 40

(Plantar Aspect) Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

Answer 40

I: Fibularis Longus

Question 41

(Plantar Aspect) Base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux)

Answer 41

I: Tendon of Flexor Hallucis Longus

Question 42

(Plantar Aspect) Bases of Distal Phalanges of digits 2-5

Answer 42

I: Tendons of flexor digitorum longus

Question 43

(Dorsal Aspect) Base of 5th Metatarsal

Answer 43

I: Fibularis tertius, fibularis brevis

Question 44

(Dorsal Aspect) Base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux)

Answer 44

I: Tendon of extensor hallucis longus

Question 45

Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5

Answer 45

I: Tendons of extensor digitorum longus