Unit 3 List 1 - Macromolecule

Question 1

Macromolecule

Answer 1

A large, complex polymeric molecule formed by the repetitive linking of smaller chemical units called monomers

Question 2

Organic

Answer 2

Compounds containing carbon, excluding some simple carbon compounds like oxides and carbonates

Question 3

Monomer

Answer 3

atoms or small molecules that bond together to form more complex structures such as polymers

Question 4

Polymer

Answer 4

a large molecule (macromolecule) composed of many repeating, smaller structural units called monomers, forming a chain or network

Question 5

Carbohydrates

Answer 5

An organic compound, or a derivative of such a compound, composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms,

Question 6

Lipids

Answer 6

a diverse group of hydrophobic (water-insoluble) organic compounds that include fats, oils, waxes, and steroids

Question 7

Fatty acids

Answer 7

a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated

Question 8

protein

Answer 8

a large, complex molecule composed of one or more long chains of amino acid residues joined by peptide bond

Question 9

Amino acids

Answer 9

organic compounds that contain both an amino group (-NH2) and a carboxyl group (-COOH), and are the fundamental building blocks of proteins.

Question 10

Enzymes

Answer 10

a protein that acts as a biological catalyst, accelerating chemical reactions within living organisms without being consumed in the process

Question 11

Catalyst

Answer 11

a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction, or lowers the temperature or pressure needed to start one, without itself being consumed during the reaction.

Question 12

Nucleic acids

Answer 12

large biomolecules, crucial for life, that store and transmit genetic information

Question 13

Nucleotide

Answer 13

the basic building block of nucleic acids (RNA and DNA)

Question 14

Hormone

Answer 14

a chemical substance produced by the body that acts as a messenger, traveling through the bloodstream to target cells and tissues, influencing their activity and coordinating bodily functions

Question 15

Steriods

Answer 15

Any of a group of lipids (fats) that have a certain chemical structure

Question 16

Dehydration synthesis

Answer 16

a chemical process where two molecules combine to form a larger molecule, with the simultaneous removal of a water molecule

Question 17

Hydrolysis

Answer 17

a process of breaking down a chemical compound that involves splitting a bond and adding the elements of water to the resulting molecular fragments