Unit 3 Lesson 1

Question 1

how traits are passed from parent to offspring

Answer 1

Inheritance

Question 2

a genetically determined characteristic

Answer 2

Trait

Question 3

Gregor Mendel first observed that parents each _______ to their offspring

Answer 3

passed traits

Question 4

traits that will always show up if they are present in the offspring’s DNA

Answer 4

Dominant

Question 5

traits that would not show up in the first generation

Answer 5

Recessive

Question 6

the material that contains instructions that determine an organism’s traits and coordinate the growth and development of an organism

Answer 6

DNA

Question 7

______is short for deoxyribonucleic acid

Answer 7

DNA

Question 8

DNA is short for _______

Answer 8

deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 9

DNA is shaped like a twisted ladder, a shape that is called a

Answer 9

double helix

Question 10

a segment of the DNA located on the chromosomes of cells

Answer 10

Gene

Question 11

DNA organized into structures

Answer 11

Chromosome

Question 12

one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color

Answer 12

Allele

Question 13

what the allele codes for in the cell; when the DNA is unwound in the cell, the ribosomes create this according to the specific sequence of DNA

Answer 13

Protein

Question 14

Changes in a section of DNA; random errors that occur when DNA is being copied to make new cells

Answer 14

Mutation

Question 15

______ can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral; but are very rare and random

Answer 15

Mutation

Question 16

a model used to predict the possible genotypes of offspring in a given cross

Answer 16

Punnett square