Spring 2021 Final

Question 1

_____ is the reproduction between 2 different organisms.

Answer 1

Sexual

Question 2

_____ is one organism reproducing an exact copy of itself.

Answer 2

Asexual

Question 3

The ability to produce offspring that are healthy and that survive is known as _____.

Answer 3

Reproductive success

Question 4

Since most animals reproduce sexually, they compete with others for the right to reproduce with a possible mate. The attempts by animals to attract mates are called _____.

Answer 4

courting

Question 5

Name the most common methods animals attract mates

Answer 5

singing
dancing
Displaying colors
Fighting
Building a nest

Question 6

What are the attempts by animals to ensure their offspring’s survival?

Answer 6

parenting

Question 7

What are the 4 parenting behaviors

Answer 7

Feeding their young
Providing shelter
Protecting their young
Teaching their young to protect their themselves

Question 8

The two main factors that affect animal growth are _____ and _____.

Answer 8

genetic factors

Question 9

Name 3 beneficial and harmful environmental conditions

Answer 9

Beneficial Environmental Conditions
Safe habitat
Abundance of food, water, air,space
Shelter from predators

Harmful Environmental Conditions
Severe weather
Shortage of food and water
Habitat destruction

Question 10

Matter is any substance that _____ and _____.

Answer 10

takes up space

has a mass

Question 11

The smallest unit of matter is known as an _____.

Answer 11

atom

Question 12

Matter constantly moves between the living and nonliving parts of the environment. This is known as the _____.

Answer 12

matter cycle

Question 13

A(n) _____ is made up of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.

Answer 13

molecule

Question 14

_____ is the ability to cause change. It comes in many forms.

Answer 14

Energy

Question 15

An organism that uses energy and matter from the environment to make its own food molecules is known as a _____.

Answer 15

producer

Question 16

An organism that gets energy and matter by eating other organisms is known as a(n) _____.

Answer 16

consumer

Question 17

An organism that gets energy and matter by breaking down the remains of other organisms that have died is known as a(n) _____.

Answer 17

decomposer

Question 18

Chemical Reactions are the process of breaking down molecules and rearranging their atoms to make new molecules and release energy.

Answer 18

Chemical Reactions

Question 19

_____ is the process of plants converting carbon dioxide and water to carbon-based food molecules with energy from the sun.

Answer 19

Photosynthesis

Question 20

The carbon-based food molecules that producers make is called _____.

Answer 20

Sugar

Question 21

Photosynthesis takes place in the _____ of the plant cell.

Answer 21

chloroplasts

Question 22

_____ is a process that uses oxygen to release the energy stored in food molecules.

Answer 22

Cellular respiration

Question 23

_____ are a complex organization of interdependent parts. It involves the flow of energy and cycling of non living resources through a web of producers, consumers, and decomposers.

Answer 23

Ecosystems

Question 24

_____ is a pathway that energy and nutrients can follow through an ecosystem.

Answer 24

Food chain

Question 25

_____ are a diagram that shows the feeding relationships between organisms in an ecosystem.

Answer 25

Food webs

Question 26

_____ in a food web diagram show the direction of energy flow.

Answer 26

Arrows

Question 27

_____ is a representation of the energy available at each level of a food web. The bottom level are the producers and it has the most energy. The other levels are consumers.

Answer 27

Energy pyramid

Question 28

Since matter cannot be created or destroyed, organisms depend on _____ to obtain their needed matter.

Answer 28

matter cycle

Question 29

Air and sunlight are examples of _____ factors in an ecosystem.

Answer 29

abiotic

Question 30

Members of the same _____ can breed together and produce fertile offspring.

Answer 30

species

Question 31

Living things that depend on other organisms for their food are called _____.

Answer 31

relationships

Question 32

A(n) _____ is all the organisms living together in a particular place along with their nonliving environment.

Answer 32

ecosystem

Question 33

All the organisms that live in the same ecosystem interact and depend on each other for survival, which is known as _____.

Answer 33

community

Question 34

Starting with an individual at the top of the pyramid, name the levels of organization of an ecosystem

Answer 34

Individual organisms Species population community ecosystem

Question 35

_____ are the remains or traces of once-living organisms.

Answer 35

fossils

Question 36

An organism sealed in sap

Answer 36

amber

Question 37

An impression of an organism left in sediment and filled with minerals

Answer 37

Cast and mold

Question 38

When an organism gets stuck in tar and dies

Answer 38

Tar pit

Question 39

When an organism is frozen for a long period of time

Answer 39

Frozen remains

Question 40

The activity of an organism is preserved

Answer 40

Trace fossil

Question 41

An organism’s tissues are replaced by minerals from water.

Answer 41

permineralized

Question 42

An organism is quickly buried and flattened by the pressure of sediments built up above it.

Answer 42

carbonized

Question 43

_____ an ordered arrangement of rock layers that is based on the relative ages of the rocks, with the oldest rocks at the bottom.

Answer 43

Geological column

Question 44

The _____ divides Earth’s history into intervals of time defined by major events or changes on Earth.

Answer 44

geological time scale

Question 45

The collection of all known fossils and their placement in order from earliest to most recent is known as the _____.

Answer 45

fossil record

Question 46

_____ is when all members of a species die out.

Answer 46

extinction

Question 47

Early organisms gave rise to other types of organisms, which gave rise to the ancestor common to another type of organism. To determine how changes occur in nature, scientists look for _____.

Answer 47

Evolutionary relationship

Question 48

When a large number of organisms die in a short time period, which appear to be caused by large changes to the environment is known as a(n) _____.

Answer 48

mass extinction

Question 49

Offspring look similar to their parents because heritable traits are passed down from generation to generation. So their body structures, or anatomy, are similar to each other.

Answer 49

anatomy

Question 50

The process of biological change by which populations become different from their ancestors over many generations is known as _____.

Answer 50

evolution

Question 51

_____ is the idea that all organisms share a common ancestral species from which they evolved at some point in the past.

Answer 51

Common Ancestry

Question 52

Name 3 evolutionary relationships

Answer 52

Similarities in body structures Similarities in DNA Similarities in embryos

Question 53

The genetic material in cells that contains the information that determines the traits that an organism inherits is known as _____.

Answer 53

DNA

Question 54

Organize DNA from the smallest unit and ending with DNA

Answer 54

Nucleotides Genes Chromosomes DNA

Question 55

Name the 4 nucleotides that make up DNA

Answer 55

Guanine Cytosine Adenine Thymine

Question 56

A protein is an important molecule that is needed to build and repair body structures and to control processes in the body. It is made up of a long chain of _____

Answer 56

Amino Acids.

Question 57

The protein’s _____ is related to its shape.

Answer 57

function

Question 58

A change in the base-pair sequence of a gene is called a(n) _____.

Answer 58

mutation

Question 59

A change in the DNA sequence can be a(n) _____, ______, or ______.

Answer 59

addition substitution removal

Question 60

Traits that help organisms survive and reproduce in their current environment are called _____.

Answer 60

adaptation

Question 61

This beneficial mutation can be a(n) _____, _____, or _____.

Answer 61

``` function behavior structure ```

Question 62

_____ refers to differences between organisms in a population.

Answer 62

Alleles

Question 63

Different forms of the same gene that lead to a difference in physical traits are called _____.

Answer 63

phenotypes

Question 64

The different DNA combinations of a particular gene that lead to different alleles are called _____.

Answer 64

genotypes

Question 65

The distribution of traits in a population can change over time. A population’s current environment determines if any of those traits provide advantages or disadvantages. This is called _____.

Answer 65

natural selection

Question 66

When an environmental change is extreme and rapid, populations may be _____ to adapt because the process of natural selection occurs over many generations.

Answer 66

less able

Question 67

A trait that is beneficial for an animal in one ecosystem _____ always be beneficial in another ecosystem.

Answer 67

will not