Unit 3 - Learning And Development

Question 1

A good training needs analysis identifies what? P.39

Answer 1

Behavioral objectives

Presenting results in behavioral terms

Question 2

What 3 attributes make a good behavioral objective (for purposes of a training needs analysis?) P.39

Answer 2

1. Uses specific active behavioral terms such as “to make”, “to describe” or “to list”
2. Specifies the standard of performance in terms of a number, degree, or level of accuracy.
3. Specifies relative constraints and time limitations for performing the behavior. (E.g. The trainee will be able to enter numerical data on a computer keyboard at the rate of 200 strokes per minute, with less than 1% errors for a period of 12 minutes)

Question 3

What 4 steps would you take to help a learner develop appropriate motor responses? P.40

Answer 3

Motor responses = motor skills

1. Familiarize the trainee with the equipment, materials and surroundings
2. Demonstrate the activity
3. Let the trainee practice the activity
4. Provide feedback including verbal instruction, but more importantly, physical demonstration

Question 4

What are the three phases of learning acquisition? P.40

Answer 4

1. Declarative knowledge (basic)
2. Knowledge compilation (integration of tasks and cognitive understanding)
3. Procedural knowledge (over learning, performing rapidly and accurately with minimum attention)

Question 5

What 5 steps would you take to help a learner acquire rote learning? P.41

Answer 5

1. Briefly summarize
2. Identify patterns to help learners remember
3. Provide practice opportunities, preferably over a long period of time
4. Provide immediate feedback
5. Require repetitive practice so overlearning occurs

Question 6

What 5 steps would you take to help a learner understand an idea using operant conditioning theory? P. 41

Answer 6

1. Divide ideas into sequential concepts and sub concepts
2. Allow learners to master one concept before moving to the next
3. Practice each response and demonstrate mastery
4. Reinforcement to reward each step in the process
5. Review material frequently, so that each idea is a building block for further learning

Question 7

These programs are intended to improve the effectiveness of managers in such skill areas as teamwork, problem-solving, risk-taking, self-esteem, and interpersonal communication.

Answer 7

Outdoor experiential training (OET)

Question 8

A major advantage of presenting information by video rather than by lecture is that videos can be…

Answer 8

… edited to minimize the amount of distracting information and to maximize learning.

Question 9

One of the most effective ways of developing new skills is…

Answer 9

Observing the behavior of others (social cognitive theory)

Question 10

Networks of people designed for anytime, anywhere learning.

Answer 10

Asynchronous learning networks (ALN)

Question 11

This type of training method is where learners use computer and communications technologies to work with remote learning resources, including coaches and other learners, but without the requirement to be online at the same time.

Answer 11

Asynchronous learning networks (ALN)

Question 12

The most common ALN communication tool is…

Answer 12

The Internet

Question 13

True or false: teletraining, video-recorded courses, Mail-based correspondence courses, and Computer-based training or NOT ALN.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Application of the principles of operant conditioning in which learners are presented with a series of concepts and after learning each concept they are required to demonstrate their understanding by answering multiple choice questions.

Answer 14

Programmed instruction

Question 15

Any form of interactive learning experience between a computer and a learner in which the computer provides the majority of the stimulus and the learner is required to make some form of response during the learning.

Answer 15

Computer-based training

Question 16

What is the method in computer-based training where concepts can be organized according to a logical sequence wherein earlier concepts serve as building blocks for more complex learning?

Answer 16

Linear sequencing

Question 17

The emerging trend towards breaking training into small units that can be completed quickly, usually within a few minutes is called what?

Answer 17

Microlearning

Question 18

Name five off-the-job training methods

Answer 18

Independent study
Corporate universities
Vestibule training
Lecture
Case studies
Conferences and discussions
Role-playing
Simulations and business games
Programmed group exercises
Television and video
Asynchronous learning networks
Computer-based training
Teletraining and e-learning
Mobile learning
Microlearning

Question 19

The major disadvantage of off-the-job training is?

Answer 19

It does not provide immediate transfer of training to real job situations.

Question 20

Name six on-the-job training methods.

Answer 20

Job-instruction training
Apprenticeships
Internships and assistantships
Job rotation and cross training
Action learning: project assignments and committee assignments
Coaching and counseling

Question 21

The best location for teaching an employee how to perform a specific task, especially when the equipment and materials needed for training cannot be moved.

Answer 21

An Employee’s workstation (pg.57)

Question 22

This type of training has the disadvantage of numerous distractions and ongoing job pressures, and that employees can usually only be trained one person at a time.

Answer 22

On-site training (57)

Question 23

On-site training: knowledge that is relatively brief and uncomplicated can be effectively presented where?

Answer 23

In a conference room (57)

Question 24

True or false: off-site training is best utilized when training involves complex learning and reasoning?

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Space requirements for training depend on what three factors?

Answer 25

Whether trainees need to write, manipulate objects, or move about. (57)

Question 26

This type of seating arrangement is ideal for lectures and video presentations?

Answer 26

Theater style (58)

Question 27

This type of seating arrangement is well-suited for listening to presentations and taking notes?

Answer 27

Classroom style(58)

Question 28

This seating arrangement is ideal for small group discussions and group interaction?

Answer 28

Banquet style(58)

Question 29

This seating arrangement is designed to allow trainees to interact with a presenter and other trainees?

Answer 29

Chevron style (58)

Question 30

This seating arrangement is intended for group discussions among members of equal status?

Answer 30

Conference style (58)

Question 31

This seating arrangement is designed especially for case discussions where everyone can observe each other and a trainer?

Answer 31

u-shaped style (58)