Unit 3 Key Vocab

Question 1

macromolecules

Answer 1

large molecules

Question 2

polymers

Answer 2

like a puzzle

Question 3

monomers

Answer 3

building blocks/each piece of the puzzle

Question 4

organic compound

Answer 4

when a chemical compound is carbon-based

Question 5

carbon skeleton

Answer 5

chain of carbon atoms

Question 6

how many atoms can carbon bond to?

Answer 6

4 other atoms

Question 7

are carbon skeletons branched or unbranched?

Answer 7

both

Question 8

isomer

Answer 8

different compounds with the same molecular formula

Question 9

functional groups

Answer 9

atoms that attach to the carbon skeleton

Question 10

dehydration reactions

Answer 10

a biochemical reaction when a water molecule forms as a byproduct

Question 11

hydrolysis

Answer 11

common form of chemical reaction where water molecules are added to break a bond

Question 12

why are carbohydrates important to have?

Answer 12

they are important energy sources

Question 13

monosacchararides

Answer 13

1 monomer

Question 14

monosaccharide example

Answer 14

Glucose and fructose

Question 15

disaccharides

Answer 15

2 monomers

Question 16

disaccharide example

Answer 16

sucrose

Question 17

polysaccharides

Answer 17

many monomers

Question 18

molecular formula of glucose

Answer 18

C6 H12 O6

Question 19

molecular formula of sucrose

Answer 19

C12 H22 O11

Question 20

difference between molecular formula of sucrose and glucose

Answer 20

the water mole (H2O) is gone due to dehydration reaction

Question 21

what are polysaccharides?

Answer 21

long chains of sugar units

Question 22

what kind of energy are carbs good for?

Answer 22

fast source of energy

Question 23

why do we need lipids/fats?

Answer 23

important for our energy, membranes, and insulation

Question 24

What are the 2 monomers of lipids?

Answer 24

glycerol and fatty acids

Question 25

how do fatty acids link to glycerol?

Answer 25

dehydration reaction

Question 26

what is the glycerol and fatty acid ratio?

Answer 26

1:3

Question 27

what are fats often called because of their structure?

Answer 27

triglycerides

Question 28

How much energy do lipids contain?

Answer 28

Twice as much energy as a polysaccharide

Question 29

hydrophobic compounds

Answer 29

property of molecules that do not mix with water

Question 30

examples of lipids

Answer 30

butter, oil, and cholesterol

Question 31

what type of energy are lipids a great source of?

Answer 31

long-term energy

Question 32

when are lipids used?

Answer 32

after carbohydrates are burnt off, lipids are then used as the energy source

Question 33

what do lipids make up?

Answer 33

lipids make up cell membranes, they are important because all living things are made up of cells, hence needing a cell membrane.

Question 34

monomer of carbohydrates

Answer 34

monosaccharides

Question 35

monomer of proteins

Answer 35

amino acids

Question 36

monomer of nucleic acids

Answer 36

nucleotides

Question 37

type of bond involved: carbohydrates

Answer 37

peptide bond

Question 38

type of bond involved: proteins

Answer 38

glycosidic link

Question 39

type of bond involved: nucleic acid

Answer 39

phosphodiester bond