unit 3 key terms Flashcards
a social position a person takes on voluntarily that reflects personal ability and effort
achieved status
social position a person receives at birth or involuntarily later in life
ascribed status
group that rejects the values, norms, and practices of the larger society and replaces them with a new set of culture patterns
counter culture
william ogburn’s term for a gap between the technical development of a society (material culture) and its moral and legal institutions (non material culture)
cultural lag
the process by which cultures become similar to one another; refers especially to the process by which North America culture is being exported and diffused into other nations
cultural leveling
taking into account the differences across cultures without passing judgement or assigning value
cultural relativism
emotional stress that frequently occurs when people encounter an extremely different culture
cultural shock
a value, norm, or other cultural trait that us found in every group
cultural universal
judging other cultures by the standards of your own culture
ethnocentrism
norms that lack moral significance
folkway
practice, beliefs, and values that are regarded as most desirable and are consciously taught to children
ideal culture
the material objects that distinguish a group of people, such as their art, buildings, weapons, utensils, machines, hairstyles, clothing, and jewlery
material culture
norms that are strictly enforced; essential core values of the group
more
an expression of disapproval for breaking a norm
negative sanction
abstract/intangible human creations of society which influence behavior
non material or symbolic culture
