review questions Flashcards
what is difference between high culture and pop culture?
High culture is food, clothes, music, ect that is enjoyed by the wealthy and popular culture is food, clothes, music, ect that is enjoyed by the masses
what is the difference between material and non material culture?
material culture is tangible, it is physical and non-material is intangible, abstract concepts that influence culture
why do people experience culture shock?
people experience culture shock because each country has different norms, when placed in a new culture that they did not grow up in they will start to experience shock and discomfort`
what is the difference between realistic and ideal culture?
realistic culture refers to the actual practices and behaviors of individuals. Ideal culture refers to the most desirable practices, values, and behaviors an individual should be taught. Realistic is what is, ideal is what ought to be.
what are values contradictions?
value contradictions occur when a person’s system of values is contradicted or proved inconsistent due to contrasting actions. We hold certain values but sometimes behave in a way that is contradictory to them
what are the four types of sanctions
formal positive sanctions, formal negative sanctions, informal positive sanctions. and informal negative sanctions
what is the difference between responding to cultural differences with enthocentrism versus with cultural relativism
enthocentrism - you approach with hostility and judgement.
cultural relativism - you approach with understanding and are open to the new culture
how do the functionalist perspective, conflict perspective, and symbolic interactionalist perspective view culture
functionalism - norms reinforce societal standards
conflict theory - norms reinforce patterns of dominance
symbolic interactionism - norm are reinforced through daily interactions
what are the four types of norms and what are the differences among them?
mores - strictly enforced norms that deal with morals
folkways - lack moral significance
taboos - forbidden in every culture
laws - enforced norms that have consistent punishments
what is cultural lag and what are examples of cultural lag?
cultural lag is a term coined by William ogburn, that describes the gap between a society’s technical development and its moral and legal institutions. an example would be the advancement of social media and the lack of protection within it
what is the difference between a subculture and a counterculture?
a subculture is a community in a community, a world within a world. A counter culture rejects the values and norms of a larger society
what are cultural universals, and why do they apply to all the cultures
cultural universals are values, norms, or other cultural traits that are shared between cultures, they apply to all cultures because they are all something we see in different cultures
how are ascribed and achieved status different?
an ascribed status is something that was assigned to you at birth or involuntarily later in life, such as and “daughter” or “sibling”. achieved status is something you have worked towards or attained , such as “top athlete” or “actor”
