Unit 3: Industrial Revolution Test!

Question 1

Where and why did the Industrial Revolution begin?

Answer 1

• Great Britain
• Because there were lots of changes being made. Economic, political, and societal

Question 2

What is mechanization?

Answer 2

Production being shifted from handmade to machine made

Question 3

What is an agrarian society?

Answer 3

A society that depends on farming and land to survive

Question 4

Where did mechanized production take place?

Answer 4

Great Britain

Question 5

Which nature resource was most in demand during the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 5

Coal

Question 6

What was the spinning Jenny and how did it change production?

Answer 6

The S.J. was a machine that spun lots of threads at once. It changed production by helping the productivity of textile factories

Question 7

What is an entrepreneur?

Answer 7

Person who takes on the risk and benefits of starting a business

Question 8

What is urbanization?

Answer 8

People moving to cities mainly for work purposes

Question 9

What are tenements?

Answer 9

Most popular residences in cities during the I.R. were apartments with no running water

Question 10

Since workers were frustrated with they way they were treated in factories, what did they create and what were they fighting for?

Answer 10

The created Labor Unions and were fighting for better pay and better working conditions

Question 11

What is social mobility?

Answer 11

People moving up in the social class

Question 12

What is free market?

Answer 12

The unregulated exchange for goods and services that encouraged people to invest their money in new opportunities

Question 13

Who created the connect of a Free Market?

Answer 13

Adam Smith

Question 14

What is socialism?

Answer 14

A political theory where people as a whole rather than private individuals own and operate the means of production

Question 15

Who is Karl Marx?

Answer 15

A German philosopher that created communism and hated capitalism

Question 16

What is the political theory of communism?

Question 17

What is the name for the working class according to Karl Marx?

Answer 17

Proletariat

Question 18

What is Urban Renewal?

Answer 18

The rebuilding of poorer areas of a city to create more attractive living space

Question 19

Who is Alfred Nobel?

Answer 19

Swedish chemist who invented dynamite and willed money to a fund that honors people that contribute great things to mankind

Question 20

Who invented in the light bulb in 1879?

Answer 20

Thomas Edison

Question 21

How did the Wright brother’s contribute to the I.R. in 1903

Answer 21

• made bicycles
• flew and designed the first airplane

Question 22

In the 1840s, what did Samuel Morse develop?

Answer 22

• Morse code
• telegraph

Question 23

Who invented the telephone in 1876?

Answer 23

Alexander Graham Bell

Question 24

What is stock?

Answer 24

Shares of companies sold to investors to generate money for developing new inventions and/or investing in new tech

Question 25

What is corporation?

Answer 25

Businesses owned by many investors who buy shares of stock

Question 26

How did Luis Pasteur contribute to the I.R. in 1870?

Answer 26

Helped develop vaccines and pasteurization

Question 27

How did Florence Nightingale contribute to the I.R.?

Answer 27

- was a British army nurse - found the world's first school of nursing

Question 28

What was the Cult of domesticity?

Answer 28

The idea of women staying at home as the caregivers

Question 29

What is women's suffrage?

Answer 29

The movement for the right for women to vote and got passed in 1920

Question 30

What is the temperance movement?

Answer 30

- campaign to ban the use of alcohol - believed that driving harmed family life and work life

Question 31

Who is Sojourner Truth?

Answer 31

African American suffragist, former slave, and advocate for the abolition of slavery

Question 32

What did Charles Darwin agree in 1859?

Answer 32

All human life evolved to their present state over millions of years

Question 33

What is Social Darwinism?

Answer 33

The idea of "survival of the fittest", competition weeds out the weak

Question 34

What is impressionism?

Answer 34

artistic style that uses brush strokes of color without blending and captures light

Question 35

What is realism?

Answer 35

artistic style that painted subjects in their everyday lives and clothes

Question 36

What is romanticism?

Answer 36

artistic style that valued the beauty of nature and emotion

Question 37

Who is the author of A Christmas Carol which portrayed realistic people (factory workers) in his work?

Answer 37

Charles Dickens

Question 38

Who is the author who combined history and legends to create stories. He wrote The Hunchback of Norte Dame.

Answer 38

Victor Hugo

Question 39

Who is the German composer that shaped orchestra in the 1800s, (ex 5th Symphony)?

Answer 39

Ludwig van Beethoven

Question 40

Explain why, during the I.R., society shifted from rural to urban?

Answer 40

This shift happened due to new inventions like the stem locomotive and the spinning Jenny. Also because of people moving more to the cities to work in the upcoming factories (urbanization). Urban renewal was also a big help, since it did make urban areas improve.

Question 41

During the I.R., why were children chosen as laborers in many factories?

Answer 41

Because for one, children could climb into smaller ares for coal mining. They were also easier to take advantage of and to pay cheaper. Children would obey more and not go on strike.

Question 42

How did the steam locomotive impact peoples' lives during the I.R.?

Answer 42

The steam locomotive was a great new way of transportation. With this, more goods were transported, people could go more places, and could go where rivers couldn't. This invention also had a decent reliable source to power it.

Question 43

Explain how the working class lived in urban areas during the I.R..

Answer 43

Since urban areas needed more workers for factories, the working class moved there for work. This whole idea wassailed urbanization. A big part of why society became more urban was because of the working class moving to urban areas for all the new factories and job opportunities.

Question 44

Explain communism and why it was appealing to the working class during the I.R.

Answer 44

Communism believed in shared ownership. This appealed to the working class because they saw this a chance to make profits of products. They saw communism as a type of government where everybody would win, but really the father of communism won (Karl Marx). All the power really went to him.