Unit 3 - Heath safety and security in health and social care Flashcards
Examples of environmental hazards
1) Toys in the way of going up the stairs
2) Vomit left on the floor
Environmental hazard
Hazards that can cause a slip and trip in different settings and surroundings
Biological Hazards
Hazards that have waste and bodily fluids on that can cause spreads of infection and affects people’s health
Examples of biological hazards
1) A used bandage left on a bed in a clinic
2) Dirty nappy left out in a nursery
3) A tissue full of blood left out in a care home
Chemical Hazards
Hazards such as cleaning agents and medication that can cause harm if not used and stored correctly.
Examples of chemical hazards
1) An unlocked medicine cabinet on a hospital
2) Bleach left out in a nursery
Psychological Hazards
Hazards such as stress and violence that can affect people’s physical and emotional wellbeing
Examples of psychological
1) Stressed caused by people in a dental practise waiting room behaving in a challenging manner
2) Abusive drunk person shouting at the nurse.
3)
Muscluoskeletal
Hazards due to the manual handling of the equipment. You need to use the correct postures this you learn in training.
Examples of musculoskeletal
1) DSE - Display Screen Equipment making sure that your screen is right and doesn’t give you headaches
2) Injuring your back from lifting a resident out of the bath.
3) Injuring yourself from not using a hoist incorrectly.
Working conditions
Conditions that effect how you work like poor lighting and environments that are too hot/ cold that can cause harm and ill health.
Examples of working conditions
1) Noise and disruption to the reception area of an opticians due tomaintenanceworks.
2) A senior care home worker that travels long distances in between individuals homes
3) A child’s bedroom that is very cold and has poor lighting .
Working practises
Hazards that make working unsafe or have lots of risks involved
Examples of working practises
1) Not enough supervision or training
2) Unsafe working hours
3)
Lack of security systems
Hazards like window locks and alarm systems, such as window locks and alarms systems that can cause security and fire risks
Examples of lack of security systems
1) Faulty smoke alarms in a clinic
2) A broken security chain in an individuals front door
3) Lack of interlocking doors in a school
Healthcare environments
- Clinic
- Dental practises
- Drop in centre
- Gp
- Opticians
- Pharmacy
Social care environments
- Community Centre
- Individuals own home
- Residential care home
- Retirement home
- Support group
- Nursing home
Childcare environments
- Breakfast club
- Child minder
- Children’s centre
- Child’s home
- Crèche
- Foster home
- Nursery
- Playgroup
- Pre-school
- Primary school
- Day centre
Transport
- Ambulance
- Boat
- Car
- Coach
- Caravan
- Minibus
- Taxi
- Train
Public environments
- Cinema
- Leisure Centre
- Park
- Restaurant
- Cafe
- Shopping centre
- Supermarket
- Theme Park
Potentials Hazards - Types of hazards - Impact of hazards
1) Walking frame - Environmental and working practises- A walking frame not stored correctly may because a trip hazard for individuals, staff and visitors
2) Hoist - working practises- If staff members do not follow the correct techniques for the safe use of the hoist then the individual in the hoist may fall or become injured and the staff members may also injure themselves
3) Wheelchair - Working practises- if an individual is not supported correctly in their wheelchair. This may in turn cause the staff member or visitor supporting them to also become injured.
Injury or Harm
- Back injuries, Musculoskeletal injuries
- Chemical burns
- Cuts and bruises
- Broken bones
- Radiation
Illness
- Eye strain
- Food poisoning
- Headaches
- High blood pressures
- Infections
- Mental health issues, anxiety, depression, burnout
- MRSA
Poor standards of care
This can be caused by employees who - Feel tired, exhausted, forget to give medication on time, forget to provide fluids or food, lack enough time to do their job properly.
This can impact users by - Bed sores and pressure ulcers, Bruising due to poor handling, Dehydration, Malnutrition.
Financial loss
Loss of earning due to having time off work, loss of job ., compensation being received, theft of money or personal belongings, having to retrain staff, having to hire extra staff or agency staff
Heath and safety Executive (HSE)
Body responsible for the encouragement , regulation and enforcement of workplace health, safety and welfare and for research into occupational risks in Great Britain
Ofsted
Focuses on school, looking at safeguarding, progress, leadership etc.
Care quality commission (CQC)
Care quality commission = body responsible for looking at care homes. Can carry out inspections on safety and well-being, have the power to shut down carehomes down.
Intentional Abuse
This is deliberate abuse. For example a senior care assistant who supports an individual that requires care and support with their shopping, they choose to buy items for themselves with the individuals money, this is deliberate financial abuse.
Unintentional Abuse
For example in a nursery the nursery nurse forgets to remind the children to wash their hands after using the toilet or before eating lunch
Short term effects for effects of abuse
- Bruises, cuts and broken bones
- Contracting a sexually transmitted infection
- Low self esteem
- Poor self image
- Displaying challenging or needy behaviour
- Feeling angry, anxious or tearful
- Feeling betrayed
- Fear
Long term effects for effects of abuse
- Low self esteem
- Feeling angry, anxious or tearful
- Developing mental health issues, self harm and suicidal behaviour
- Sleep deprivation
- Difficulties trusting others and forming relationships
- Physical health conditions such as hypertension, anorexia or obesity
- Disempowerment
- Becoming withdrawn
- Financial hardship
Effects for abusers
- Training and re-training
- Disciplinary
- Suspension
- Dismissal
- Sued
- Financial loss
- Prosecution
- Imprisonment
- Loss of professional status - nurses, teachers, social workers
- CQC shut down the care homes
- Ofsted shut down the school
Consequences for the employer
- Financial loss - sick pay, fines, liability insurance
- Financial loss - indirect - recruitment, overtime, paying for more training
- Criminal prosecution if the hospital causes a death due to negligence
- CQC negative judgement or shut down
- High staff turnover
- Loss of reputation
Consequences for employees
- Burn out
- Ill or injury
- Time off for stress
- Disciplinary
- Professional status removed
- Further training
- Criminal prosecution if negligence is proven
Consequences for the patients
- Ill
- Poor standards of care
- Death
- Injury
- Loss of confidence in the hospital
- May need to take legal action + take them to court.
HASAWA 1974
- Established the HSE Health and Safety Executive - regulator for health and safety in the workplace.
1. Provide a safe place of work like fire safety, cleanliness
2. Provide safe equipment including electronic devices
3. Ensure staff are properly trained
4. Carry out risk assessment as they are an important part of HASAWA
5. Provide proper facilities like clean water heating, kitchens, toilets
6. Appoint a competent person to oversee health and safety it could include routine safety inspections
Management of Health and Safety at work Regulations 1999
- To enforce management responsibilities on employers to reinforce HASAWA.
- Employers must ensure risk assessment are carried out.
- Any control measures are implemented- actions to reduce risks
- Competent individuals are employed to manage health safety and security
Information, training and supervision provided at work - Key difference - theses are management responsibilities so they enforce HASAWA
Food Safety Act 1990
- Requires the registration of food businesses - anyone providing or selling food for the public .
- Employers must maintain high standards of personal hygiene
- Employers should be trained in food safety
- Food should be stored correctly
- Meals should be prepare, cooked and served safely
- Food provided should be safe to eat
- Must sell/serve food that is safe
- Cannot incorrectly label food
- Records must be kept so food is traceable.
The Food Safety Regulations 1992
- Safety controls must be implemented - specifics about food hygiene.
- Employers must identify critical control points to incentive food hazards - packaging, work surfaces, equipment, cookware, personal hygiene.
- Employers must provide clean protective clothing - hygiene hats, disposable gloves, aprons
Good personal hygiene
- Wash you hands
- Dry your hands
- War clean, protective clothing
- Cover or tie up long hair
- Kepp fingernails short and clean
- Remove Jewellery
- Avoid strong perfumes
- Cover wounds
- Don’t smoke near kitchen
- Keep hands away from your face
- Cover coughs and sneezes
- Avoid working when unwell
Cross contamination
Cross contamination is what happens when bacteria or other microorganisms are unintentionally transferred from one object to another. The most common example,e is the transfer of bacteria between raw and cooked food.
This is thought to be the cause of most food-borne infections. For example when you are preparing raw chicken, bacteria can spread to your chopping board, knife, hands and cause food poisoning.
Cross contamination can also happen when bacteria is transferred in ways that are less obvious. For example via reusable shopping bags or in the drips and splashes produced if meat is washed which can contaminate other surfaces..
Fridges with cross contamination
Food should be stored in fridges to prevent cross contamination
Also all food stored should have dates on them for when they are used by
Stock should always be rotated
Top shelf - Ready to eat food
Middle shelf - Dairy products
Bottom shelf - Raw meat, poultry and fish
Salad drawer - Salad fruit and veg
Fridge door shelf - Foods that won’t spoil quickly
Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992
- Avoid the need for manual handling as afar as possible
- Assess the risk of injury from any manual handling that is unavoidable
- Take actions to reduce risk of injury as far as possible
- Employer must provide training and supervision on safe manual handling
- Any manual handling activities must be risk assessed
- Employees must not use any manual handling equipment if they had not been trained to do so e.g.hoist
- Lifts should be planned and practised first
- Training should reduce the risk of injury
Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and dangerous occurrences regulations (RIDDOR 2013).
- Employers must keep written records and report to HSE
- Work related accidents that cause death
- Anything that causes serious injury
- Diagnosed cases of certain work related diseases e.g. carpal tunnel syndrome
- Records must be kept of any accident or injury that can cause a worker to be off work for more than 7 days
- Must also report any diseases or illnesses that are infectious. (Malaria, Meningitis, TB, Salmonella and more)
- What they keep on the record: date, time and place, details of those involved, summary of what happened, details of injury and any treatment given
- This information must be used to prevent and control risks
Serious injuries to workers
- amputations
- any injury likely to lead to permanent loss or reduction in sight
- any crush injury to the head or torso causing damage to the brain or internal organs
- serious burns including scalding which covers more than 10% of body, causes significant damage to the eyes, respiratory system or other vital organs
- any scalping requiring hospital treatment
- any loss of consciousness caused by a head injury or asphyxia.
- any other injury arising from working in an enclosed space which leads to hypothermia or heat induced illness, requires resuscitation or admittance to hospital for Meroe than 24 hours.
