Unit 3: Health Systems Flashcards
Observing and understanding public health Institutions, Relationships, Politics and Economics
Until 1960, how were people usually paying for healthcare
People were usually paying for healthcare out of pocket.
What was a core idea of “the peoples hospital”?
Public Hospitals are funded by tax payers
In “The Peoples Hospital” what does Nulia argue about healthcare in the US?
She argues that the US healthcare should focus on prioritizing treatment first and focus on money after.
What is Fee for service?
A healthcare payment system in which doctors and medical professionals get paid for each service provided.
True or False: the physician charges separately from the hospital
True
Currently, how do most people pay for hospital bills/care?
For most people this is paid for by insurance companies.
Is the out of pocket cost for healthcare greater or lesser for someone without insurance.
The charge is HIGHER.
Do most insurance companies work with co- pay
YES
How does money in the healthcare system flow?
From top to bottom?
Who is in charge of regulating market places and private insurances?
State Government
How old do you have to be for Medicare?
65 or Older
Who is Medicaid for?
Populations with low income and limited resources.
How much was the National health dollar as of 2022?
4.5 Trillion
Where does most of the money from healthcare go towards?
Insurance
Why was the hospital in “ The Hospital” called the Band- Aid- Station
because it was a small local hospital in a rural area.
whats the setting of “ The Hospital” by Brian Alexander
Bryan, Ohio
Who funds a Public hospital?
It is funded through taxes
Who owns a Public Hospital?
The government AND it is funded by tax payers
Who owns a private for profit hospital?
An individual owns it
Who owns a non Profit hospital?
The people (lowkey), usually funded by donations made in the community.
What does “ In Network” provider mean?
means that a provider has a contract with your insurance company to negotiate prices . Usually has a co-pay and the insurance company pays the rest.
What does an “Out of Network” provider mean?
Means that an provider does NOT have a contract with your insurance company and results in patient getting billed full cost.
What does SES stand for?
Social economic status
What does Quantitative mean in context of a study?
the study is number focused
What does it mean if a study has a Qualitative focus?
Means there is emphasis on the stories and self reporting of population of their stories.
What makes Raudenbush’s study on access to health care different from other previous studies?
She uses a Qualitative approach and describes the unexpected strategies people use instead of formal routes.
What are the 3 factors of SES.
1) income + wealth 2) education 3)occupation
What is the importance of the whitehall study?
First study to show a clear connection between SES and effects on health.
What was published in 1964?
The Surgeon General Report
What does the FTC stand for?
Federal Trade Commission
what did the FTC enforce that is called “ fair use/ fair time”
If a station was going to advertise smoking, they had to advertise alternative views.
Pre- emption meaning:
laws at one level of government taking precedence over laws of a lower level; in the context tobacco, the feds supersede the local state and the state couldn’t enforce stricter laws.
Synar Amendment
unfunded mandate that regulated the age you could purchase tobacco.
Who (what group) were the start to anti smoking legislation.
Grass roots non smokers.
What does CMS stand for ?
Center of medicare/medicaid services
When was the Asylum era at a peak?
1950s
How were large Asylums funded?
state governed and funded systems.
This type of meds were discovered in the 1960s
Antipsychotic
Asylums were an easy way for people to send off both mentally ill and _________ family members.
difficult
what is the LA DMH
LA Department of mental health
Goal of Public System
Simply trying to solve the issue of homlessness.
Goal of Private Systems
Clients are individual families that try to solve dynamics of love, family etc
What is Jones v City of LA ruling?
It was illegal to arrest/punish homeless people unless the gov provided housing.
Anosognosia
A condition were someone lacks awareness of their mental illness deficit.
Was change in the 4 countries similar or different?
Different
Important details on Frances anti tobacco history
The first major anti-smoking law was named after Health Minister Simone Veil, then the Evin law came that prohibited smoking and advertising in all public areas (1990)
Important details on Canadas anti Tobacco history
Had a slow start and in the 1980s/90s smoking bands and campaigns were launched. in the 2000s Canada became strict in their regulation of tobacco product packaging and had clear labels to dissuade users. They became a global leader in graphic health warnings
Important details on the UKs anti tobacco history
in the 1960s the gov banned smoking advertizing on tv which soon turned into package warnings being mandatory. they have also been rising tobacco taxes.
