Unit 3 From Jefferson to Jackson: The Rise of Common Man Flashcards
What did the election of 1800 show?
A peaceful transition of power from one group to another in 1801
What is Judicial Review?
the Supreme Court’s power to declare a law unconstitutional.
Judiciary Act of 1789
Required the Supreme Court to order the Secretary of State to deliver the letters. Affirmed the right of judicial review.
What was the Louisiana Purchase?
When Thomas Jefferson bought the land that the French owned West of the Mississippi River for 15 million dollars. which doubled the size of the US and gave the US access to the port of New Orleans, and the Mississippi River
What was the Lewis and Clark Expedition?
When Jefferson sent Lewis and Clark to lead an expedition through the Louisiana Territory. Called the Corps of Discovery. They traveled from St. Louis, Missouri to the Pacific which took 2 years.
What is a blockade?
putting ships along enemies trade routes so that nothing gets out and nothing comes in.
What is impressment?
Kidnapping people (taking people off ships and bringing them into their custody)
What is an Embargo?
A ban on exporting goods to other countries.
What was the effect of the Embargo Act?
It hurt the U.S especially in in New England
Who was elected in 1808?
James Madison
Causes of the War of 1812
British seizure of the U.S. cargo ships and impressment of the US soldiers. British were supplying ammunition to the Native Americans. The US wanted Spanish Florida and British Canada.
Who were the War Hawks?
Young congressmen who were angry that the British were giving Native Americans weapons and wanted to go to war with Britain. Most famous were Henry Clay and John Calhoun.
How did the Burning of Washington DC occur?
The British were raiding and burning towns along hte Atlantic because the British and the French were no longer fighting. On August 24th, the government officials had to run away and the British burnt down the Capitol building and the White House.
Treaty of Ghent
Was an armistice or agreement to stop fighting. They agreed to a joint-occupation of Oregon.
Battle of New Orleans
Two weeks after the Treaty of Ghent is signed, the British and the Americans fought in New Orleans and the US won! Led to the feeling of pride among many Americans.
Effects of the War
The US gained the respect of many countries, US began to industrialize, and Americans had feelings of Nationalism.
Why was the Monroe administration known as “the era of good feeling?
Because Americans felt a lot of national pride and the two political parties were getting along well.
Monroe Doctrine
Monroe’s speech to Congress saying that Europe should stay in the Western Hemisphere and the US would stay out of Europe. Influenced the US policy through the early 1900s.
Corrupt Bargain
Between John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson. Jackson got the popular votes but not enough electoral college votes. House of Representatives had to choose the president. Henry Clay was the Speaker of the House and he used his position to get John Quincy Adams elected over Andrew Jackson. John Quincy Adams made Henry Clay Secretary of State because it would help him get points toward becoming president. Andrew Jackson called this the “corrupt bargain”.
Jacksonian Democracy
Age of common man. People were able to vote, egalitarianism, Politicians had to prove that they came from humble backgrounds.
Who won the Election of 1824?
Andrew Jackson
What happened between the National Bank and Andrew Jackson?
The banks charter was about to expire and Jackson did not like the National bank so when the charter expired, it was not renewed so the bank turned into a regular bank and went out of business in 5 years.
Cherokee Nation V. Georgia, Worchester V. Georgia
The Cherokee of Georgia sued to stay on their land. Court ruled that the Cherokee were not a nation tat had the right to sue in court.
Supreme Court ruled that Georgia did NOT have the power to make the Cherokee move. Andrew Jackson made them move anyway.
Trail of Tears
The long walk that the Cherokee had to walk. There was not enough food or clothes. About 25% of the Cherokee died and the land that the Cherokee were given was not good for farming.
American System
A plan to advance economic growth in 1815
Protective tariffs- promote industry and help raise revenue.
New Modes of Transportation
Erie Canal built in 1825 connected Western farms with Eastern cities. Americans built thousands of canals. More roads meant cheaper food prices, more immigrants moving west, and better transportation.
Industrialize
To build factories to make products cheaper and faster
Why did the North industrialize?
Blockade durin the War of 1812, rivers gave power to factories, fishing and farming were no longer making money, and cheap labor
Eli Whitney’s inventions
Cotton gin- allowed cotton to be produced faster
Interchangeable parts- allowed broken parts to be fixed by using another machines piece
Market Revolution
more and more people buy and sell goods instead of making them for thmeselves
Economic Expansion in the South
Invention of cotton gin made the South more reliant on cash crops which meant that there was no chance of slavery to end.
Irish Immigrants V. Germans
Irish were Catholic, couldn’t read, very poor, and faced a lot of discrimination. German were Catholic, could read, not as poor as the Irish and opposed slavery.
