Unit 3: Expansion and Disunion

Question 1

-U.S. & G.B. both claimed it & compromised at 49° parallel otherwise there’d be a battle.
-Territory acquired from Great Britain

Answer 1

Oregon Territory 1846

Question 2

-President Jefferson wanted New Orleans
-Napolean was selling the Louisiana Purchase for $15 million (fund French and Indian War/Seven Years War)
-Roughly doubled the size of the U.S.
-Territory acquired from France

Answer 2

Louisiana Purchase 1803

Question 3

-1863-Texas independent from Mexico
-Northerners feared it’d become a slave state - wanted to plant cotton
-1845- voluntarily annexed by U.S.
-Territory acquired from Republic of Texas (Independent Country) - from Mexico

Answer 3

Texas 1845

Question 4

-President Polk offers to buy land from Mexico & they refuse
-U.S. wins Mexican-American War
-U.S. offers $15 million for land in Treaty of Guadalupe
-Territory acquired from Mexico

Answer 4

Mexican Cession 1848

Question 5

-Acquired to expand the transcontinental railroad
-included land South of Gila River and west of Rio Grande
-Territory acquired from Mexico

Answer 5

Gadsden Purchase 1854

Question 6

-Part of the result of the Treaty of Paris (occurred after the U.S. declared independence from G.B.)
-Territory acquired from G.B.

Answer 6

Northwest Territory 1783

Question 7

-Andrew Jackson threatened to invade
-Spain sold it for $5 million
-Eliminate the threat of Native Americans
-Florida was a haven for runaway slaves
-Territory acquired from Spain

Answer 7

Florida 1819

Question 8

Religious beliefs, gold, land, and prosperity

Answer 8

Motivations for moving west

Question 9

Land purchased from France which allowed the U.S. to develop its own economic independence

Answer 9

Louisiana Purchase

Question 10

This war over territory caused a negative relationship to develop between the two countries that lasted into the 20th century.

Answer 10

Mexican War

Question 11

The belief that Americans were superior to other groups of people (ethnocentric) and therefore had a God-given right for the U.S. to expand to the Pacific Ocean

Answer 11

Manifest Destiny

Question 12

This current state, upon winning its independence from Mexico, asked to be annexed but was denied due to Northerners’ fears of the expansion of slavery

Answer 12

Texas

Question 13

This presidential declaration of 1823 promised Europe that the U.S. would not become involved in European affairs as long as European countries did not interfere in the “Americas”

Answer 13

Monroe Doctrine

Question 14

Designed to maintain a balance of power in the legislative branch (the Senate), this agreement allowed Maine to enter as a free state, Missouri to enter as a slave state, and the 36’‘30’ boundary line would be the dividing line for any new states admitted to the Union

Answer 14

Missouri Compromise of 1820

Question 15

Before the Civil War, Congress followed a policy of displacing Native Americans from the land where they lived and forcing them to move to reservations in order to make land available for American settlers. This law impacted the Five Civilized tribes of the Southeast and is referred to among the Cherokee people as the Trail of Tears.

Answer 15

Indian Removal Act

Question 16

Allowed farmers and ranchers to ship their products to eastern markets, while at the same time contributed to the rapid growth of western cities.

Answer 16

Transcontinental railroad

Question 17

The steel-tipped plow, windmills, barbed wire fences, and the transcontinental railroad all made farming in the West possible.

Answer 17

Technological Advances

Question 18

Were given the opportunity to take on roles traditionally reserved for men, such as voting rights and land ownership, because life on the frontier required a more flexible society than in the cities of the East.

Answer 18

Women

Question 19

The post-Civil War policy regarding Native Americans is represented by this law which abolished the reservation system and forced the Native Americans to accept the idea of individual land ownership.

Answer 19

Dawes Act, 1887

Question 20

The geographic region that developed industry and finance (banking), and supported tariffs, internal improvements (roads, canals) and a national bank

Answer 20

North

Question 21

The geographic region that had fertile farmland for crops and ranching, as well as mineral deposits

Answer 21

West

Question 22

The geographic region that invested in slavery and agriculture

Answer 22

South

Question 23

Even though they lived in the North, they had no rights to suffrage (voting) and they often had to take jobs which offered lower pay and less job security (last hired, first fired)

Answer 23

Free blacks in the North

Question 24

Most African Americans living in the South

Answer 24

Slaves

Question 25

Mostly lived in cities and worked as artisans

Answer 25

Free blacks in the South

Question 26

This reform movement organized anti-slavery conventions and helped slaves escape on the Underground Railroad

Answer 26

Abolitionist Movement

Question 27

This reform movement, which was tied to the abolitionist movement, called for more access to education and civil rights such as property ownership and divorce

Answer 27

Women’s Rights

Question 28

This geographic region had large cities, relatively few slaves, and attracted immigrants because of jobs in growing industries

Answer 28

North

Question 29

This geographic region had a plantation economy, few large towns, a large slave population, and supported the spread of slavery to the territories, but did not support tariffs, internal improvements, or the national bank

Answer 29

South

Question 30

Differences that arise between different regions of the country based on economic, political, and social beliefs

Answer 30

Sectionalism

Question 31

Cause of: the Missouri Compromise, the Mexican War, the Compromise of 1850, popular sovereignty, the Kansas-Nebraska Act, and the Dred Scott decision (Supreme Court ruling)

Answer 31

westward expansion

Question 32

Westward expansion caused the states in the North and the states in the South to struggle as each tried to maintain a balance of power in this legislative body

Answer 32

Senate

Question 33

Contrary to popular belief, most northerners were not part of this reform movement

Answer 33

Abolitionism

Question 34

Believed the federal government should restrict itself to the powers specifically stated in the Constitution, and that all else should be left to the states (states’ rights)

Answer 34

Southerners

Question 35

Uncle Tom’s Cabin (Harriet Beecher Stowe), John Brown’s Raid (KS), The Liberator (William Lloyd Garrison)

Answer 35

Failures of the Abolitionist Movement

Question 36

Underground Railroad (Harriet Tubman), Liberty Party (abolitionist political party)

Answer 36

Successes of the Abolitionist Movement

Question 37

Founded to limit the expansion of slavery into the new territories because people would not be able to compete with slave labor - low wages or jobs filled by slaves

Answer 37

Free-Soil Party

Question 38

Candidate for the Republican Party in 1860 (Liberty Party, Free-Soilers, Whigs)

Answer 38

Abraham Lincoln

Question 39

People living in a territory or state would vote on whether or not to allow slavery

Answer 39

Popular Sovereignty

Question 40

Southerners opposed these taxes because they raised the price on manufactured imports and hurt their ability to sell cotton and agricultural products to foreign countries

Answer 40

Tariffs

Question 41

Led to secession and the formation of the Confederate States of America as the South feared President Lincoln would prevent slavery from expanding in the new territories. Southerners felt that his policy would violate the principle of states’ rights, upset the balance of power in the Senate, and eventually lead Congress to abolish slavery.

Answer 41

Election of 1860