Unit 3 Exam (Ch. 11-14)

Question 1

What are the threats to internal validity?

Answer 1

History (Ex: changes in participants’ lives can affect DV)

Testing (the idea of testing can influence participants’ results)

Selection bias (Ex: non-randomization of participants)
, etc.

Question 2

What is the difference between straightforward manipulation vs. staged manipulation?

Answer 2

Straightforward: For manipulating SIMPLER IV in a lab setting

Staged: For manipulating COMPLEX IV that involves multiple aspects or simulates real-world experiences

Question 3

What is sensitivity analysis?

Answer 3

Examining how sensitive the results of a study or statistical analysis are to changes in certain variables or assumptions

Question 4

What is a pre-experimental design?

Answer 4

The simplest research design.

A single group or multiple groups observed for a treatment that may cause change