Unit 3 Endocrine

Question 0

Calcium

Answer 0

9.0-10.5

Question 1

Potassium

Answer 1

3.5-5

Question 2

Sodium

Answer 2

136-145

Question 3

Glycosylated HgB( HgbA1c)

Answer 3

4-6%

Question 4

Fasting Blood Glucose

Answer 4

Less than 100

Question 5

Glucose Tolerance Test

Answer 5

Less than 140

Question 6

Pre-Prandial blood glucose

Answer 6

70-130

Question 7

Post-Prandial blood glucose

Answer 7

Less than 180

Question 8

Hyperkalemia

Answer 8

Decreases the potassium difference between the intracellular fluid and the extracellular fluid. Bradycardia, hypertension, and ECG changes.

Question 9

Hypokalemia

Answer 9

Pulse thread and weak, palpating is difficult, pulse is easily blocked with light pressure, dysrhythmia may be present; postural hypotension can occur

Question 10

Hypercalcemia

Answer 10

At first causes increased heart rate and blood pressure, slow heart rate, observe for cyanosis or pallor

Question 11

Hypocalcemia

Answer 11

Test Trousseau’s and Chvostek’s signs. Heart rate may be slower or slightly faster than normal, with weak thready pulses. Can cause severe hypotension and ECG changes

Question 12

Trousseau’s Sign

Answer 12

Place a blood pressure cuff around the upper arm, inflate the cuff to greater than the patients systolic pressure and keep the cuff inflates 1-4 minutes. Under these hypoxic conditions, a positive Trousseau’s sign occurs when the hand and fingers go into spasm

Question 13

Chvostek’s Sign

Answer 13

Tap the face just below and in front of the ear (over the facial nerve) to trigger facial twitching of one side of the mouth, nose, and cheek.

Question 14

Assessment/Palpation of Thyroid

Answer 14

Observe the size and symmetry of the thyroid gland. Palate the thyroid gland to assess the presence of a mass or general enlargement. In goiter a generalized thyroid enlargement, the thyroid gland may increase to four times it’s normal size