Unit 3 - Digestive System, Randoms

Question 1

The digestive or gastrointestinal system consists of two parts which are?

Answer 1

alimentary canal or gastrointestinal tract AND accessory organs

Question 2

The word alimentary comes from the term ailment which means?

Answer 2

to nourish

Question 3

What does mastication mean?

Answer 3

chewing

Question 4

What is deglutition?

Answer 4

swallowing

Question 5

Whats aids in swallowing by grasping food?

Answer 5

Pharynx

Question 6

Bolus is churned into tiny particles & mixed with gastric juices to form what?

Answer 6

chyme

Question 7

What is the salivary gland below the ears & submandibular?

Answer 7

parotid glands

Question 8

Where is the sublingual glands located?

Answer 8

under the floor of mouth

Question 9

What is the name for the rhythm-like contractions & relaxations of the oesophagus which propels bolus to the stomach?

Answer 9

peristalsis

Question 10

What is the word for the physical process of breaking up large fat globules into smaller globules?

Answer 10

emulsification

Question 11

What is the name for a chemical that speeds up a reaction between substances?

Answer 11

enzyme

Question 12

Name of the enzyme secreted by the pancreas to digest carbohydrates (starch)?

Answer 12

amylase

Question 13

Name of the pancreatic enzyme necessary to digest fat?

Answer 13

lipase

Question 14

Enzymes that digest protein?

Answer 14

protease.

Question 15

What is the principle protease(enzyme) in the stomach?

Answer 15

pepsin

Question 16

What is the substance produced by the stomach necessary for digestions?

Answer 16

hydrochloric acid. HA also kills bacteria that may be in the food.

Question 17

Name for the combination of hydrochloric Acid & pepsin?

Answer 17

Gastric juices

Question 18

Name for the large fat molecules composed of 3 fatty acids & 1 part glycerol.

Answer 18

triglycerides

Question 19

fat-like substance produced by animals. In humans this is either made by the liver or obtained from eating animal fats.

Answer 19

cholesterol

Question 20

What are the building blocks of proteins, needed for breaking down of food, along with growth & repair of body tissue.

Answer 20

amino acids

Question 21

Essential amino acids are derived from ___?

Answer 21

Food. they cannot be stored so need to be replaced through a balanced diet.

Question 22

Non-essential amino acids are manufactured by the ___ ?

Answer 22

body

Question 23

What is the digestive juice made in the liver & stored in the gallbladder?

Answer 23

bile. used to break down fat.

Question 24

Chief pigment of bile, which is released from the liver?

Answer 24

bilirubin. is a waste product of haeme derived from the breakdown of wornout red blood cells

Question 25

What is the simple sugar produced when carbs are broken down in the small intestine.

Answer 25

glucose. it is the chief source of energy in humans

Question 26

Excess glucose is converted into what?

Answer 26

glycogen. It is stored in the liver & muscles for use as needed.

Question 27

Most digestive system organs reside in the ……. cavity?

Answer 27

Abdominal Cavity

Question 28

The abdominal cavity is lined with?

Answer 28

Peritoneum

Question 29

The outer layer, attached to the abdominal wall is the ……….. peritoneum?

Answer 29

parietal peritoneum

Question 30

The ………. peritoneum covers the external surfaces of the digestive organs in the abdom.cavity.

Answer 30

visceral peritoneum

Question 31

The space between the parietal peritoneum & visceral peritoneum is called the ……. cavity?

Answer 31

peritoneal cavity. this contains approx 50ml of serous fluid to allow the 2 layers to slide against each other.

Question 32

A …… is a double layer of visceral peritoneum thru which most abdom. organs are attached to the abdom wall.

Answer 32

Mesentery - also provides routes for blood, lymphatics & nerves to reach the abdom organs.