UNIT 3 DIAGNOSTIC PARASITOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Motility of trophozoites is best demonstrated using Lugol’s Iodine

A

FALSE (Lugol’s Iodine is used to determine the parasitic structure)

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2
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Improper placement of coverslip often leads to the formation of air bubbles in the fecal smear

A

TRUE

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3
Q

What reagent acts as a clearing agent in the Kato-Katz preparation?

A

Glycerol, Glycerine solution

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4
Q

What is considered as the golden standard for the diagnosis of malaria?

A

Thin & Thick blood smear

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5
Q

What is the specimen of choice for the diagnosis of pinworm infections?

A

Cellophane swab/ Scotch-tape specimen

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6
Q

How many grams of basic fuchsin are needed to dissolve in the liquefied phenol?

A

1 gram

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7
Q

5% formalin consist of ___ ml of formaldehyde and ____ ml of distilled water or saline

A

50 ml; 950 ml

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8
Q

Lugol’’s solution is a direct part in what type of diagnostic test?

A

Direct Fecal Smear

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9
Q

NSS or Normal Saline Solution contains what percent of NaCl?

A

0.85% NaCl

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10
Q

Simplest and easiest technique to facilitate detection of intestinal parasites that infected subjects pass in their feces

A

Direct Fecal Smear

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11
Q

Small amount of fresh feces is mixed with either saline to _________ or lugol’s iodine to ________

A

detect protozoan motility; reveal the parasite structure

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12
Q

When examining diarrheic or liquid feces containing mucus, both preparations should be applied to what part of the stool sample?

A

mucous part

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13
Q

Diagnostic test used to monitor large-scale treatment programs implemented for the control of soil-transmitted helminth infections because of its simple format and ease of use in the field.

It quantifies eggs and establishes the burden of intestinal infection

A

Kato-Katz Technique

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14
Q

Manner of reporting of previous technique

A

Eggs per gram stool (epg)

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15
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

To speed up clearing and examination, the slide can be placed in a 40 degree celsius incubator or kept in direct sunlight for several minutes.

A

TRUE

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16
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

A. lumbricoiodes, T trichiura, and hookworm eggs will remain visible and recognizable for many months.

A

FALSE (hookworm eggs clear rapidly and will no longer be visible after 30-60 minutes)

17
Q

For all except Schistosome eggs, keep the slide for one or more hours at room temperature to clear the fecal material prior to examination under the microscope.

A

FALSE (should be HOOKWORM EGGS not Schistosome eggs)

18
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Schistosome eggs may be recognizable for up to several months but it is preferable to examine the slide preparations within 24 hours.

A

TRUE

19
Q

In using the kato-katz technique, the smear should be examined systematically where multiplying the appropriate factor to give the no. of epg of feces. What are the factors to be used if you are using:

  1. ) 50 mg template
  2. ) 20 mg template
  3. ) 41.7 mg template
A

20; 50; 24

20
Q

This solution provides an isotonic environment when your are observing the stool for DFS analysis

A

Normal Saline Solution

21
Q

Stain used in Direct Fecal Smear to show the trophozoites

A

Nair’s Methylene Blue

22
Q

Why is it important to use the right amount of stool in the Direct Fecal Smear preparations?

A

if the stool sample is more concentrated, the components inside the stool will be difficult to identify and differentiate from each other

23
Q

When placing the coverslip on the samples in a Direct Fecal Smear, what action will make the stool sample spread out?

A

Capillary Action

24
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

The use of a cover slip will slow down the process of drying and prevent the drying process.

A

FALSE (it can only slow down the process of drying)

25
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

In the Kato-Katz technique, the consistency of the stool is the main determinant for the sensitivity of this technique and it can only be done on freshly formed stool and not on liquid and preserved samples.

A

TRUE

26
Q

Another type of test similar to kato-katz in which it is used to quantify parasites especially in helminth infections

A

McMaster

27
Q

This is used as the clearing agent as well as to maintain the color of the mixture in the kato-katz technique

A

glycerol-malachite green

28
Q

When examining a sample where the kato-katz technique has been used under the microscope, what objective should you use to observe the specimen?

A

Low Power objective

29
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

in blood smears, the Thick smear is used to identify malarial parasites while the Thin smear is used in the rapid diagnosis of malarial infection

A

FALSE (Thin is used for identification of parasites while Thick is used for diagnosis)

30
Q

This stain used in blood staining:

the red cells stain pale red
white cell nuclei stain purple
eosinophils stain bright purple red
neutrophils stain deep pink purple

A

Giemsa Stain

31
Q

This stain used in blood staining:

light red erythrocytes
bright blue leukocyte nuclei
bright red eosinophilic granules
pink neutrophilic granules.

A

Wright’s Stain

32
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

in wright’s stain, it does not need to undergo fixation because it contains alcohol

A

TRUE

33
Q

The best type of specimen to be used in a blood smear.

A

non-additive blood sample

34
Q

The difference between the Giemsa Stain and Wright’s Stain

A

their pH, Giemsa is more basic

35
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Thick blood film that will be stored for an extended period prior to staining should be dehemonoglobized and then thoroughly dried.

A

TRUE

36
Q

What component in the Giemsa stain provides a better staining of the malarial parasite?

A

Azure B

37
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

After making the thin and thick smears, both are fixed with 100% absolute methanol.

A

FALSE (only the THIN smear is fixed with methanol)