Unit 3 Ch. 14 Terms and Quiz

Question 1

1. What is punishment as a principle of behavior (and what is it not)?

Answer 1

Punishment as a principle of behavior is a two-term behavior consequence functional relation defined by its effects on the future frequency of behavior. It is not, the application of aversive consequences such as physical pain, psychological hurt, and the loss of privileges or fines for teaching a lesson to a person who has misbehaved.

Question 2

When has punishment occurred?

Answer 2

Punish has occurred when a response is followed immediately by similar responses.

Question 3

1. What is (the difference between) positive and negative punishment?

Answer 3

• Positive punishment occurs when the presentation of a stimulus ( or an increase in the intensity of an already present stimulus) immediately following a behavior results in a decrease in the frequency of the behavior.
  
  • Negative punishment involves the termination of an already present stimulus ( or a decrease in the intensity of an already present stimulus) immediately following a behavior that results in a decrease in the future frequency of the behavior.

Question 4

1. How is the term aversive control often used?

Answer 4

It is often used to describe interventions involving either or both of these two principles.

Question 5

What is a punisher?

Answer 5

A stimulus change that immediately follows the occurrence of a behavior and reduces the future frequency of that type of behavior.

Question 6

1. List the five examples of positive punishment interventions, including response blocking and overcorrection (both types).

Answer 6

• Reprimands: “No”, “Sit down!” “ Sit better!” “Quite body!”, “ Quiet hands!”
• Response Blocking: removing hands out of mouth, holding down arm when client is kicking, blocking person of client from running away or into dangerous environment, placing hand on floor when blocking client from banging head continuously on the floor.