unit 3: cases and key terms Flashcards
Marbury V. Madison - Facts
appointee asked supreme court to command secretary of state to deliver his appointment.
Marbury V. Madison - Principal
Establishes Judicial review
Schenck V. US
socialist convicted for violating espionage act in distributing pamphlet encouraging others to resist.
Schenck V. US - Principal
1st amendment can limit free speech if someone’s speech encourages an act of clear and present danger.
Brown V. Board
class action law suite. black students sue local school district for prohibiting them from attending an all white school.
14th amendment equal protection clause.
Engel V. Vitale
NY is sued for law requiring public teachers to start school day with non-denominational voluntary prayer
1st amendment establishment clause
Gideon V. Wainwright
since florida only paid for counsel in capital cases, this man was forced to defend himself and because of it its convicted. He filed writ of certiorari to supreme court.
6th amendment right to counsel and 14th amendment due process.
Tinker V. Des Moines
students sue school for suspending them when they refused to take off anti-vietnam war armbands.
1st amendment free speech
New York Times V. US
newspaper sues federal government for preventing publications of pentagon papers detailing US military failures during the vietnam war.
1st amendment free speech restricts prior restraint.
Wisconsin V. Yoder
amish family sues state requiring school arguing formal education went against religious expression
1st amendment free exercise clause
Roe V. Wade
texas state law allows abortion only for the purpose of saving the life of the mother, expecting mother sues.
4th amendment right to privacy and 14th amendment due process.
shaw v. Reno
white north carolina residents sue the attorney general for oddly shaped districts.
14th amendment equal protection
Mcdonald v. Chicago
retired cop sues chicago for not letting him own a hand gun
second amendment and 14th amendment
Citizens United v. FEC
conservative group violates bipartisan campaign reform act by running anti hiliary clinton add during prime elections
1st amendment free speech
Civil Right Act of 1964
prohibits discriminatory acts on the basis of race, color, sex or national orgin
the voting rights act of 1965
prohibits racial discrimination in voting
title 9
prohibits sex based discrimination in schools or other government funded programs
civil liberties
protects people from undue government interference or action
civil rights
protects against discrimination
de jure
segregation based on laws or government actions
de facto
segregation from circumstance
affirmative action
procedures designed to eliminate unlawful discrimination among applicants remedy the results of prior discrimination, and prevent discrimination in the future.
strict scrutiny
the highest standard of review which a court will sue to evalute the constitutional of government discrimination
civil disobedience
non violent action engaed in y individuals who refuse to follow a law for moral reasoning.
symbolic speech
armbands s
selective incorporation
incorporation of laws in the constitution to the states
miranda rule
defendents must have their 5th and 6th amendments rights read to them before interrogation
exclusionary rule
prevents courts from using information gathered in violation of the constitution
libel
written defamation
slang
spoken defamation
1st
speech, establishment, free excercise, press
2
right to bare arms
4
no unreasonable search and seizure
5
right to not incriminate
6
right to counsel
8
no cruel or unusual punishment
13
ends slavery
14
african american citizenship, due process, equal protection
15
african american voting rights
19th
womens right to vote
24
outlawed poll taxes
26
18 year old suffrage
