Unit 3 Area of Study 1

Question 1

Advantages of regular PA

Answer 1

• Decrease/Prevent diseases and illnesses
• Promote psychological wellbeing
• Increases social interaction
• Help build and maintain healthy bones, muscles and joints
• Decrease chance of aneurism (burst blood cells)

Question 2

What are some barriers of PA?

Answer 2

• Lack of time
• Lack of fun or enjoyment
• Lack of motivation
• Cost
• Injury
• Poor Coaching
• Negative environmental factors
• Low self efficacy (a person’s belief in their ability to be active across a range of challenging situations)

Question 3

What are some individual factors of PA

Answer 3

Motivation
Demographic
Beliefs
Enjoyment 
Gender

Question 4

What are some social factors of PA?

Answer 4

Peers/Siblings/Parents
Social Normalities (expected behaviour)
Pets 
Culture
Ethnicity
Social Support/Isolation
Religion

Question 5

What is trade-off?

Answer 5

Trade off is the effects that practicality and accuracy have on one another, for example as a test gets more practical the accuracy drops

Question 6

What are subjective measurement tools?

Answer 6

Subjective measurement tools are tools that rely on a persons memory and are non-reactive. E.g. Diaries and Logs

Question 7

What are objective measurement tools?

Answer 7

Objective measurement tools are tools that are more accurate than subjective directly measure results. Objective measurements are reactive and non-bias. E.g. GPS, Pedometers, Accelerometers and Direct Observation

Question 8

Name counselling methods of PA.

Answer 8

Assessing motivational readiness
Matching processes of change with motivational readiness
Identifying opportunities to be active
Contracting
Enlisting social support
Reminder systems
Gradual programming
Tailoring

Question 9

APAG guidelines for 13-17 year olds

Answer 9

1 hour of moderate to vigorous activity daily

3 days a week of engage in muscle/bone activity

Question 10

Sedentary Behaviour for 13-17 year olds

Answer 10

Limit use of electronic no more than 2 hours per day

Question 11

APAG guidelines for 18-64 year olds

Answer 11

2.5-5 hrs per week of moderate or 1.25-2.5 hrs of vigorous

Question 12

Sedentary guidelines for 18-64 year olds

Answer 12

Minimise time sitting and break up long periods of sitting time

Question 13

Formative evaluation

Answer 13

On going assessment of the program activities, with the goal of constantly improving the intervention strategies

Question 14

Process evaluation

Answer 14

Collecting delivery information, e.g. Program satisfaction, reach of the program, how the program was implemented

Question 15

Impact evaluation

Answer 15

Achievement of program goals

Question 16

Outcome evaluation

Answer 16

Achievement of long-term goals such as an increased amount of PA over the next 12 months and beyond (rarely carried out)

Question 17

F.I.T.T.

Answer 17

Frequency
Intensity
Time
Type

Question 18

CLASS

Answer 18

Children's 
Leisure
Activities 
Study
Survey

Question 19

Recall Survey

Answer 19

Subjective
F.I.T.T. 
CONTEXT
Cheap
No reactivity

Question 20

Diary or Log

Answer 20

Subjective
F.I.T.T. 
Context
Cheap
High reactivity

Question 21

Pedometer

Answer 21

Objective
NO F.I.T.T.
No context
Cheap
Low reactivity

Question 22

Accelerometer

Answer 22

Objective
F.I.T. no Type
No Context
Expensive
Low reactivity

Question 23

Direct Observation

Answer 23

Objective
F.I.T.T.
Context
Moderate cost
High reactivity

Question 24

Direct Observation Methods

Answer 24

SOPLAY
System for Observing Play and Leisure Activity in Youth
SOFIT
System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time
SOPARC
System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities

Question 25

Quantitative Information

Answer 25

The quantity of information

Question 26

Qualitative information

Answer 26

The quality of information

Question 27

Individual Strategies of PA

Answer 27

Print and web based media Counselling Processes of change

Question 28

Population strategies of PA

Answer 28

Environmental change Policy Mass media

Question 29

Social-ecological models of physical activity behaviour

Answer 29

Individual (intrapersonal) Social environment (interpersonal) Physical environment Policy

Question 30

4 steps in measuring and assessing PA programs

Answer 30

Baseline Measure Intervention Program Change in Mediators Post-intervention measures of behavioural

Question 31

Baseline measure

Answer 31

Asses the individuals PA level and self-efficacy | F.I.T.T.

Question 32

Intervention program

Answer 32

Create a program to encourage higher levels of PA, encourage use after completion of program, increase knowledge of benefits of PA

Question 33

Change in Mediators

Answer 33

``` Asses the change to the individual: Increased awareness of PA Increased skill in PA Increased knowledge of PA Increased motivation to do PA ```

Question 34

Post-intervention measure of behavioural change

Answer 34

Re-asses what was assessed in baseline measurement and compare and contrast for improvements in order to justify whether it was a successful intervention program.

Question 35

Print and web based media

Answer 35

Community based recreational centres Health-car providers such as medical practises, rehab centres Schools and workplace settings

Question 36

Cognitive strategies of behavioural change

Answer 36

``` Increasing Knowledge Being aware of risks Caring about consequences to others Comprehending benefits Increasing healthy opportunities ```

Question 37

Behavioural strategies of behavioural change

Answer 37

``` Substituting alternatives Enlisting social support Rewarding yourself Committing yourself Reminding yourself ```

Question 38

Individual factors that affect PA

Answer 38

Demographics Biological Cognitive or affective Behavioural

Question 39

Interpersonal

Answer 39

Supportive behaviours Social climate Culture

Question 40

Physical Environment | Natural/Constructed environment

Answer 40

Natural : Weather Geography ``` Constructed : Information environment Urban/Suburban environment Architectural environment Transportation environment Entertainment infrastructure Recreation infrastructure ```

Question 41

Policy and organisational factors

Answer 41

Policies governing incentives for activity or inactivity | Policies governing resources and infrastructure related to activity or inactivity

Question 42

Individual Factors of PA - social-ecological model

Answer 42

Individual characteristics such as attitudes, behaviour, self-concept, behavioural skills and knowledge

Question 43

Social environment factors of PA - social-ecological model

Answer 43

Both the formal and informal social climate and support group surrounding an individual.

Question 44

Physical environment factors of PA. - social-ecological model

Answer 44

Both natural and constructed environment Natural : Tress, water, grasslands and wildlife Constructed : Ovals, gymnasiums Also includes such things as walking trails/paths that have been added to the environment for use of PA

Question 45

Organisational and policy factors of PA- social-ecological model

Answer 45

Include rules/laws whether formal or informal Organisational factors usually restrict PA of people in workplaces, schools, kindergartens etc. Can play a huge role in level of PA with some policies making people perform more PA whilst others less

Question 46

The role of government organisations in promoting PA

Answer 46

Promoting and monitoring PA Provide information and increase knowledge on the benefits of PA Funding towards programs and organisations to increase PA levels

Question 47

Detriments of PA intervention programs

Answer 47

``` Individual Psychological Cultural Environmental Economic Health System ```

Question 48

Focus/Intended Outcomes of PA intervention programs

Answer 48

``` Increased well being Decreased health and care costs Decreased inequity Decreased disease Decreased disability ```

Question 49

Settings of intervention programs

Answer 49

``` Community environments and organisations Health services Child care and out of school care hours care Schools Workplaces ```

Question 50

Strategies of intervention programs

Answer 50

Communication and community education Workforce capacity Evidence, research, monitoring and evaluation Strategic management and coordination

Question 51

Priority populations of intervention programs

Answer 51

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Is,Andre Australians