Unit 3 AOS 2 Flashcards
Chapter 2
Human Resource Management Definition
Organizing employees’ roles, pay, and working conditions in an organization.
Employee Definition
Individuals hired by a business to complete work tasks and support the achievements of business objectives.
HR Manager Responsibilities
Includes recruitment, motivation, training, performance management, termination, awards, dispute resolution, and culture.
How may a HR’s role vary in a Big vs. Small Business
Big Businesses have the HR Manager seperate to the general manager whereas in small businesses they are often the same person.
What’s the relationship between Human Resource Management and Business Objectives?
The effective management of employees can be a major contributor to the success of a business, because employees are in a key position to affect customers, business results and ultimately shareholder value.
Identify and Define Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs suggests employees have five fundamental needs which they strive to fulfil in a sequential manner. Once one need is met, it is no longer a motivator for an employee and the employee will strive to achieve the next need in the hierarchy.
What are the five fundamental needs of Maslow’s theory in order?
Low Order External Needs:
Physiological
Safety and Security
Social*
High Order External Needs:
Social*
Esteem
Self-accualisation
What are some strengths and weaknesses for Maslow’s theory?
Strengths:
- Clear path to motivate employees
- Employees are in an environment that pushes them to their full potential
- Motivation can occur quickly
- Low to no cost
Weaknesses:
- Assumes employees are motivated in the same order and by the same things
- Difficult to measure employee success
- Time consuming for managers
- Tedious for managers
- May be costly
What are possible strategies of achieving Social Needs?
- Good working environments
- Teamwork
- Social Events
- Supportive arrangement
What are possible strategies of achieving Esteem Needs?
- Promotions
- Job titles
- Rewards/recognition
- Acknowledgement
- Responsibility
What are possible strategies of achieving Self-acculisation Needs?
- Personal interest
- Self-satisfaction
- Opportunities to take on new challenges
- Employee development
What are the four drives?
Acquire, Bond, Learn, Defend
What is the Drive to Acquire?
The drive to acquire is the desire to achieve rewards and high status. This includes financial and non-financial rewards.
What is the Drive to Bond?
The drive to bond is the desire to participate in social interactions and feel a sense of belonging.
What is the Drive to Learn and what are some examples?
The drive to learn is the desire to gain knowledge, skill and experience.
Training courses, mentoring systems, assigning challenging work tasks to broaden knowledge.
What is the Drive to Defend and what are some examples of it?
The drive to defend is the desire to protect personal security as well as the values of the business.
- Provide support for employees
- Be open with employees
- Have grievance procedures in place
What are the five principles of Locke and Latham’s goal setting theory?
Clarity, Commitment, Challenge, Task Complexity, Feedback
What’s the difference between task complexity and challenge?
Task complexiy refers to the skills you may need to learn in order to achieve a certain goal, this could include training.
Challenge is how difficult the goal is to encourage employees to improve rather than learn new skills.
What is the impact of feedback on goal setting?
Managers should provide regular feedback and monitor progress.
What are strenghts and weaknesses of Locke and Latham’s goal setting theory?
Strengths:
- Very ‘individual specific’ approach
- Peresonal interests align with business objectives
- Improves trust and relationships
- Easy to assess
Weaknesses:
- Could be time-consuming
- Can be hard to align business objectives with personal interets
What are some similarities and differences between Maslow’s and Lawrence’s?
Similarities:
- Concerned with physical, social and emotional needs
- Suggest employees value different motivators.
Differences:
- Maslow’s is sequential
- Four Drive is in any order
What are some similarities and differences between Maslow’s and Locke and Latham’s
Similarities:
- Recognise personal employee motivations
- Recognise the importance of manager feedback
Differences:
- Motvations in Locke can be unique rather than listed like Maslow’s
- Maslows is applied by a manager, Locke is applied by employees
What are some similarities and differences between Lawrence and Locke and Latham’s
Similarities:
- Goal achieving can be similar to drive to acquire and learn
- Managers seek an understanding of employees personal needs
Differences:
- Four Drive is applied by managers while Locke is applied by employees
- Pursuit of goals is one at a time in Locke while multiple goals can be completed at once during Lawrence and Nohria’s