Unit 3 and Unit 4

Question 1

stages of mitosis

Answer 1

PMAT (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase)

Question 2

asexual reproduction

Answer 2

involves one parent, produces genetically identical offspring

Question 3

binary fission

Answer 3

parent cell splits into two daughter cells that are identical in size

Question 4

fragmentation

Answer 4

parent organism breaks into fragments and new organisms develop from those pieces

Question 5

budding

Answer 5

parent cell forms a bud that stays attached; when fully developed it breaks away and forms a new organism

Question 6

parthenogenesis

Answer 6

the production of an organism without fertilization

Question 7

sexual reproduction

Answer 7

involves two parents; produces genetically unique offspring

Question 8

gametes

Answer 8

haploid cells that contain HALF the number of chromosomes found in other cells of the organism

Question 9

Human gametes are…

Answer 9

sperm (males) and eggs (females).

Question 10

fertilization

Answer 10

two gametes unite

Question 11

A fertilized cell is also called…

Answer 11

a zygote

Question 12

prophase

Answer 12

longest phase of mitosis where chromatin condenses and the nuclear envelope breaks down; centrioles begin to move to opposite sides of the cell

Question 13

metaphase

Answer 13

spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of each pair of sister chromatids; sister chromatids line up on the equator of the cell

Question 14

anaphase

Answer 14

sister chromatids separate and the centromeres divide; at the end each pole has a complete set of chromosomes

Question 15

telophase

Answer 15

chromosomes begin to uncoil and form chromatin; spindle also breaks down and nuclear membranes form

Question 16

cytokinesis

Answer 16

final stage of cell division where the cytoplasm splits and the cell divides