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Grade 11 Biology > Unit 3: Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Unit 3: Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

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1
Q

Large molecules that have to be broken down before being absorbed by a cell

A

Macromolecules

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2
Q

Small molecules that can easily be absorbed by cells

A

Micromolecules

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3
Q

Macromolecules in food

A

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins

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4
Q

Micromolecules in food

A

Vitamins, Minerals, Water

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5
Q

monomers

A

Small chemical units

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6
Q

Polymers

A

Large molecules made up of monomers

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7
Q

What is the chemical reaction that forms macromolecules

A

Dehydration Synthesis

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8
Q

Ratio between CHO in carbs

A

1:2:1

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9
Q

Glucose

A

Monosaccharide

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10
Q

Brown Sugar

A

Disaccharide

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11
Q

Cellulose

A

Polysaccharide

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12
Q

Fructose

A

Monosaccharide

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13
Q

Composed of alpha glucose monomers

A

Glycogen and Starch

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14
Q

Storage molecule for glucose in plants

A

Starch

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15
Q

Storage molecule for glucose in animals

A

Glycogen

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16
Q

Carbohydrate that can be absorbed from the digestive system into the blood

A

Monosaccharides

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17
Q

Main source of energy

A

Carbohydrates

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18
Q

Carbohydrates provide…

A

Vitamins, minerals, and fibre

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19
Q

Subcategories of Lipids

A

Triglycerides, Phospholipids, Steroids

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20
Q

What are triglycerides composed of

A

Fatty acid chains, Glycerol

21
Q

Double bonds between carbons in the fatty acid chain

A

Unsaturated

22
Q

Single bonds between carbons in the fatty acid chain

A

Saturated

23
Q

Fatty acid filled with hydrogen atoms

A

saturated

24
Q

Fatty acid has less hydrogen atoms

A

unsaturated

25
Q

Sex hormones

A

Steroids

26
Q

Liquid fat at room temperature

A

Unsaturated

27
Q

Phospholipid have a … head with a phosphate

A

Hydrophilic

28
Q

What will phospholipids become when they’re in water

A

Phospholipid bilayer

29
Q

4 Carbon ring lipid

A

Steroids

30
Q

Fatty acid with hydrogen added

A

Trans fat

31
Q

Which is better saturated or unsaturated?

A

Unsaturated

32
Q

Peptides

A

2-50 amino acids

33
Q

Polypeptides

A

50-100 amino acids

34
Q

Proteins

A

100+ amino acids

35
Q

Monomer unit of a protein

A

Amino acid

36
Q

What are amino acids made up of?

A

Hydrogen atom, Carboxyl group, amino group, R group

37
Q

How many different types of R groups are there?

A

22

38
Q

What type of bond is found between amino acids

A

Peptide bond

39
Q

Primary Structure of Amino acids

A

Sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain

40
Q

Secondary Structure of Amino acids

A

Hydrogen bonding with adjacent amino acids

41
Q

Tertiary structure of Amino acids

A

Folding of the polypeptide chain to the interaction of the R groups.

42
Q

Quaternary structure of amino acids

A

Interaction of 2 or more polypeptide globules

43
Q

Necklace

A

Primary

44
Q

Helical or pleated shape

A

Secondary

45
Q

3 dimensional shape with unique surfaces and pockets

A

Quaternary

46
Q

Antibodies for immune system

A

Proteins

47
Q

Forming bone and teeth, conducting nerve signals, balancing bodily fluids, normally in the form of chemical elements

A

Minerals

48
Q

Water

A

Transports dissolved nutrients into the cells lining the small intestine, lubricates tissue and joints.

Grade 11 Biology (4 decks)

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