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Grade 11 Biology > Unit 2: Genetics > Flashcards

Unit 2: Genetics Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

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2
Q

RNA

A

Ribonucleic Acid

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3
Q

Chromosomes in a human body

A

46

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4
Q

Pairs of Chromosomes in a human body

A

23

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5
Q

Who Discovered DNA?

A

Francis Circk
John Watson
Rosalind Franklin

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6
Q

Specific Location Where genes are on DNA

A

Locus

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7
Q

Complete Set of genes in an organism

A

Genome

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8
Q

What does Thymine Bond with?

A

Adenine

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9
Q

What does Cytosine bond with?

A

Guanine

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10
Q

What bonds with Adenine in RNA?

A

Uracil

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11
Q

Adenine and Guanine

A

Purines

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12
Q

Cytosine and Thymine

A

Pyrimidines

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13
Q

What are nucleotides attached by?

A

Phosphodiester bond

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14
Q

What are nitrogenous bases and each side of DNA molecule attached by?

A

Hydrogen Bond

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15
Q

DNA molecules coil to fit into cells with this protein Molecule

A

Histone

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16
Q

Nucleosomes (8 histones) form what by coiling upon themselves?

A

Chromatin Fiber

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17
Q

6 Nucleosomes

A

Solenoid

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18
Q

Telomeres

A

Repeating sequence of DNA found at the end of chromosomes

19
Q

Aging Cell

A

Cell Senescence

20
Q

Hayflick Limit

A

The number of times cells can do Mitosis.

21
Q

Diffusion

A

Chemicals and substances moving from one cell to another. From high to low concentration

22
Q

Osmosis

A

Water that moves to a place of higher concentration of solute in the body and cells.

23
Q

How much of our genes have been sequenced

A

99%

24
Q

What are the stages of Interphase in order?

A

G1, S1, G2

25
Q

How many stages are in meiosis?

A

8

26
Q

What happens in the G2 phase?

A

Cell is growing to its full size and and prepares for mitosis.

27
Q

When do Spindle fibres attach to Chromosomes during Mitosis?

A

Prophase

28
Q

What does the centriole do?

A

Releases spindle fibres

29
Q

What are the two types of stem cells?

A

Tissue and embryonic

30
Q

Spermatogenesis

A

Gametes forming in male (Sperm)

31
Q

XO

A

Turner’s Syndrome

32
Q

XXY

A

Klinefelter’s Syndrome

33
Q

XYY

A

Jacob’s Syndrome

34
Q

XXX

A

Triple X Syndrome

35
Q

Missing Chromosome

A

Monosomy

36
Q

Extra Chromosome

A

Trisomy

37
Q

A tumour that crowds nearby tissues but does not disturb the function of other cells or tissues

A

Benign

38
Q

A tumour that disturbs the function of nearby tissues and cells.

A

Malignant

39
Q

Cancer cells that move from one area to another.

A

Metastasis

40
Q

Dominant: Curly hair or straight hair?

A

Curly hair

41
Q

Dominant: Free hanging earlobe or attached earlobe?

A

Free hanging earlobe

42
Q

Recessive freckles or No freckles?

A

No Freckles

43
Q

Dominant: Ability to roll tongue or inability to roll tongue?

A

Ability to roll tongue

Grade 11 Biology (4 decks)

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