Unit 3 - Alcohols, Carboxylic Acids and Esters

Question 1

What is a functional group?

Answer 1

A group of atoms which gives a group of molecules their characteristic properties

Question 2

What functional group do Alcohols have?

Answer 2

-OH

Question 3

Name the 3 members of the alcohol group and what are their structures?

Answer 3

Methanol CH3 OH

Ethanol CH3 CH2OH

Propanol CH3 CH2 CH2 OH

Question 4

Name the properties of methanol, ethanol and propanol (5)

Answer 4

• Dissolve in water to give a neutral solution
• React with sodium to produce hydrogen and alkoxides (similar reaction with water)
• Burn in air to give carbon dioxide and water
• Are used as fuels and solvents
• Ethanol is the mail alcohol in alcoholic drinks

Question 5

Which is the stronger acid out of ethanoic acid and hydrochloric acid?

Answer 5

Hydrochloric acid

Question 6

What functional group do Carboxylic acids have?

Answer 6

-COOH

Question 7

Why are caboxylic acids weak acids?

Answer 7

Because they don’t ionise completely when in aqueous solution

Question 8

Carboxylic acids show the typical reactions of acids, for example?

Answer 8

Reacting with carbonates to produce carbon dioxide, but they react more slowly

Question 9

What is the word formula for the reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium carbonate?

Answer 9

ethanoic acid + sodium carbonate → sodium ethanoate + carbon dioxude + water

Question 10

What do carboxylic acids produce when dissolved in water?

Answer 10

Acidic solutions

Question 11

How can ethanoic acid be made?

Answer 11

By oxidising ethanol

Question 12

What functional group do Esters have?

Answer 12

-COO-

Question 13

How are esters produces

Answer 13

Wen carboxylic acids react with alchols

Question 14

What catalyst is used to make esters?

Answer 14

Sulphuric acid

Question 15

What is the formula for the produciton of esters?

Answer 15

Acid + alcohol <=> ester + water