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Astronomy > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the speed an object needs to move away from a body to not be drawn back by gravity

A

Escape Velocity

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2
Q

How hot is the core of the earth

A

6,500 degrees kelvin

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3
Q

What is the newest and “best” theory explaining how the moon was created

A

Giant Impact Theory

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4
Q

How often does the magnetic field change

A

200,000 to 300,000 years

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5
Q

The upper layer of earth’s crust and mantle is called what?

A

Lithosphere

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6
Q

How do astronomers know the composition of the moon

A

Direct sampling

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7
Q

What is an event that causes the rotation of the earth to slow down? (Due to the moon)

A

The moon’s gravitational pull

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8
Q

Sheets of shattered and pulverized rock on the surface of the moon

A

Rays

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9
Q

Doughnut rings surrounding the earth, protecting us from the sun’s charged particles

A

van Allen radiation belt

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10
Q

How old is the earth

A

4.543 billion years old

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11
Q

How old is the moon

A

4.53

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12
Q

What is the best theory believed for the creation of earth’s atmosphere

A

The volcanic activity released gases that made an early atmosphere

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13
Q

What is the center of the earth still hot

A

Only the crust has cooled down

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14
Q

When the atmosphere traps infrared light and prevents the heat form escaping

A

Greenhouse effect

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15
Q

Causes the earth to wobble and eventually will cause the winter to become longer

A

Tilt

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16
Q

What causes the earth and other planets in the solar system to have a round shape

A

Gravitational pull from all sides

17
Q

What are the bright areas on the moon made of calcium and aluminum called?

A

Highlands

18
Q

What type of element gives the planet earth its great density

A

Iron

19
Q

What is the earth’s greatest geological mystery

A

How it was formed

20
Q

What happens to the density of particles in the atmosphere the higher it extends

A

It be becomes less dense and the air pressure decreases

21
Q

What causes the aurora

A

When charged particles from the sun strike atom’s in the earth’s atmosphere

22
Q

Why is it believed the backside of the moon has a thicker crust

A

The earth’s gravitational pull

23
Q

Which Apollo mission was the first to land of the moon

A

Apollo 11

24
Q

What are the bright large pits on the surface of the moon

A

Crater

25
Q

What is the phenomenon called when heavier particles sink towards the middle of the spinning object, and the lighter ones float near the surface

A

Chemical differentiation

26
Q

What is the point directly over your head called

A

Zenith

27
Q

True or False: it is believed that the moon was an active body at one time

A

True

28
Q

What element found in the moon rocks that make it reflective

A

Ni and Co

29
Q

When the moon casts a shadow on the earth is called what

A

Lunar eclipse

30
Q

How far away is the moon from the earth

A

238,900

31
Q

True or False: solar eclipse are visible a few times a year

A

True

32
Q

What is the average density of a rock on the earth

A

2.6 to 3.0 g/cm

33
Q

What is another name for the Polaris

A

The North Star

34
Q

What is the distance of the earth to the sun

A

91.616 million miles

Astronomy (3 decks)

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