Unit 3

Question 1

Biodiversity

Answer 1

the variety of life in the world or a particular ecosystem

Question 2

Species

Answer 2

organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring

Question 3

Population

Answer 3

the total number of one species or plant or animal in a habitat

Question 4

site of photosynthesis

Answer 4

chloroplasts

Question 5

Name of stage 2 of photosynthesis

Answer 5

Carbon fixation

Question 6

Indicator species

Answer 6

A species that, when present, indicates the level of pollution in the area

Question 7

By-product of photosynthesis

Answer 7

oxygen

Question 8

Products of stage 1 of photosynthesis that move onto stage 2

Answer 8

Hydrogen and ATP

Question 9

Examples of abiotic factors

Answer 9

temperature, pH and light intensity

Question 10

examples of biotic factors

Answer 10

competition, predation and disease

Question 11

Community

Answer 11

all of the organisms living in a habitat

Question 12

A food chain

Answer 12

a series of organisms which depend on each other for food/energy represented by diagrams with arrows indicating the flow of energy

Question 13

producer

Answer 13

plants that use the sun to make their own food

Question 14

Consumer

Answer 14

any organism that doesn’t make it’s own food via photosynthesis

Question 15

Herbivore

Answer 15

a consumer that only eats plant material

Question 16

Omnivore

Answer 16

a consumer that eats both plant and animal material

Question 17

Carnivore

Answer 17

a consumer that eats only other animal material

Question 18

Niche

Answer 18

The role an organism play in its community

Question 19

Interspecfic competition

Answer 19

Competition between members of different species for a few of the same resources

Question 20

Intraspecific competition

Answer 20

competition between members of the same species for all of the same resources

Question 21

Biotic factors

Answer 21

factors that affect biodiversity that relate to living organisms

Question 22

Abiotic factors

Answer 22

factors that affect biodiversity that relate to non-living parts of the habitat

Question 23

Human Influences

Answer 23

things that humans do which affect the biodiversity of a particular habitat

Question 24

pH meter

Answer 24

a device with a probe that measure (soil) pH

Question 25

Light meter

Answer 25

a device with a sensor that gives information about the light intensity

Question 26

Quadrats

Answer 26

a square grid used to sample plants or very slow moving organisms

Question 27

Pitfall traps

Answer 27

a plastic (save the turtles) container that is buried so that small invertebrates fall into it and can be counted

Question 28

Photosynthesis

Answer 28

The process by which green plants produce their own food

Question 29

Word equation for photosynthesis

Answer 29

carbon dioxide + water –> sugar + oxygen

Question 30

Uses for energy

Answer 30

• an organism keeping itself warm
• moving around
• building tissue

Question 31

How much energy is lost at each stage of the food chain?

Answer 31

90%

Question 32

Advantage and Disadvantage of pyramid of numbers

Answer 32

Advantage - relatively simple to measure

Disadvantage - doesn’t take in account the biomass of each species

Question 33

Advantage and Disadvantage of pyramid of energy

Answer 33

Advantage - it is more accurate than any other pyramid

Disadvantage - it is very difficult to get a reliable measurement of the energy content of some organisms

Question 34

Effect of use of nitrates

Answer 34

increase in crop yield

Question 35

Disadvantages of using fertilisers

Answer 35

if it rains and they leech into rivers/lochs etc algal blooms can form which reduces the oxygen available to other species in the water

Question 36

Disadvantage of pesticides

Answer 36

they can accumulate in the tissues of the organisms that consume plants that has been sprayed with pesticides