Unit 2

Question 1

What are the components of the Central Nervous System

Answer 1

Brain and Spinal cord

Question 2

What is the name of the space between one neuron and the next?

Answer 2

Synapse

Question 3

Hormone

Answer 3

Chemical messengers

Question 4

What does it mean when hormones are ‘specific’?

Answer 4

They only affect cells with the correct receptor for the specific hormone.

Question 5

What is the effect of a drop in the blood glucose concentration?

Answer 5

Cells do not receive enough glucose and cannot produce as much energy during respiration

Question 6

How does the liver store glucose molecules?

Answer 6

In the form of glycogen

Question 7

How is a reduction in blood glucose levels returned to normal?

Answer 7

Glycogen is broken down into glucose by glucagon and the glucose is released into the blood

Question 8

What is a diploid cell?

Answer 8

a cell containing two sets of chromosomes

Question 9

What is a haploid cell?

Answer 9

a cell containing one set of chromosomes

Question 10

What is fertilisation?

Answer 10

The fusing of a male sex cell and female sex cell to produce a zygote

Question 11

Are sex cells haploid or diploid?

Answer 11

haploid

Question 12

Are zygotes haploid or diploid?

Answer 12

diploid

Question 13

Where are sperm produced?

Answer 13

testes

Question 14

Where are eggs produced?

Answer 14

ovaries

Question 15

What is the male gamete in plants?

Answer 15

pollen

Question 16

What is the female gamete in plants?

Answer 16

ovule

Question 17

What is the function of companion cells?

Answer 17

to provide energy for the sieve cells

Question 18

What is the genotype of an organism?

Answer 18

the set of alleles it has inherited

Question 19

How are the lungs kept clean?

Answer 19

Mucus traps dirt and microorganisms and then cilia move this up out of the lungs

Question 20

What makes the small intestine good at absorbing glucose and amino acids?

Answer 20

villi increase surface area
thin walls
good blood supply