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POSC 104 > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Public Opinon Poll

A

We ask a sample and make sure it is representative. Ask over 1,000 people.

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2
Q

Confirmation Bias

A

tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one’s preexisting beliefs. We use critical thinking more rigorously to argue against information we agree with more easily

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3
Q

Who gets what they want?

A

Voters, and typically more wealthy class

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4
Q

Party Identification

A

Degree to which an individual identifies herself, himself with a political party

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5
Q

Status Quo Bias

A

US gov’t system has a strong status quo bias. It’s hard to change anything. To change most things you need House, Senate, and President to argue

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6
Q

Voter Turnout

A

How many people vote - people say that Trump won because Democrats didn’t turn out

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7
Q

GOTV

A

Get out the Vote - parties spend millions on this

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8
Q

Turnout in US vs. other countries

A
  1. Legal reasons
    - registration requirement
    - not required to vote
    - vote on a Tuesday
    - more elections in US
  2. Political reasons
    - 2 major political parties
    - other ways to participate in the US
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9
Q

Turnout in Presidential vs. Midterm Years

A

It is much higher during Presidential elections

-2018 was the highest midterm turnout in 100 years b/c young ppl don’t like trump

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10
Q

Political Efficacy

A

How much you understand/know about politics and believe that you can influence what happens in the political role. This increases after college and makes you more likely to vote

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11
Q

Political Interest

A

Increases because of Education

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12
Q

Socioeconomic Status

A

Increases because of education, makes you more likely to vote

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13
Q

Electoral College

A
  1. Each State has an election
  2. Each state is worth a certain # of electoral votes
  3. Each state - most votes in a State gets all the state’s electoral votes
  4. Need a majority of electoral votes to win
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14
Q

Campaign Messages

A

Boost Name Recognition
I am like you
I am better b/c status quo is unnacceptable

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15
Q

Caucus

A

meeting held to choose political candidates (open meeting, voters publicly declare support)

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16
Q

Primary Election

A

an election in which votes choose the candidates of their party

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17
Q

Electoral College Calculations

A

votes = # of senators (2) + # of house members
each state has at least 3 electoral votes
unequal in proportion b/c ex. Wyoming vs. CA
Winner take all system
Nebraska is an exception

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18
Q

Swing States

A

Some of the best states to campaign in; states that either party could win

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19
Q

Why are Campaign Messages negative?

A

If there is nothing positive for incumbent to say, they have to be negative

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20
Q

what percentage of evangelicals support Trump

A

80% voted for trump

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21
Q

Krauthammer quote

A

To understand the working of American Politics, you have to understand that conservatives think liberals are stupid; liberals think Conservatives are evil

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22
Q

What percent of US approve of Trump as president?

A

43%

Trump’s approval ratings have been lower and more stable tan the historical average

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23
Q

“Do you think Donald Trump should be impeached and removed?”

A

May - 42% yes

Oct - 51% yes

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24
Q

The strongest driver of public opinion in the US today is…

A

Political party

25
Q

Trump is more ______ than previous presidents

A

polarizing

26
Q

Trump’s approval by party

A

79-80% republicans
4-10% dems
30-39% independents

27
Q

Party ID is important bc

A

it is more connected to other parts of our identity than before

28
Q

Types of Trump Voters

A 
Staunch Conservatives: 31%
Free Marketers: 25%
American Preservationists: 20%
Anti-Elites: 19%
Disengaged: 5%
29
Q

How can Trump win again?

A

By hating on the Democrats

30
Q

What are white people afraid of and why?

A

Afraid of becoming a minority

  1. perceive anti-white discrimination (employment & schools)
  2. Nation risks losing identity bc of openness to foreigners
  3. Concern about loss of white majority status
31
Q

Democrats perceive more…

A

minority discrimination

32
Q

The public as a whole thinks:

A

other groups encounter more discrimination than whites

33
Q

Trump tends to recast:

A

every potential scandal and policy issue as a battle against the dems and other outside groups

34
Q

Whiteness is increasingly:

A

part of identity; people (white) previously thought of whiteness as normal, and all other races as deviations

35
Q

What are good predictors of vote choice?

A

Racial attitudes are better predictors of vote choice than 10 years ago

36
Q

Younger Republicans vs. Older Republicans

A

Younger Republicans think more liberally about LGBTQ+, race, etc. Don’t love trump, more diverse, think government should do more to solve problems

37
Q

Does American Public know much about politics?

A

no

38
Q

Framing Effects

A

situations in which different ways of posing or framing an issue will get different responses

39
Q

Reciprocity

A

if we want someone to do something for us, we should be willing to do the same thing for them

40
Q

Social Desirability

A

respondent gives the answer that is socially appropriate; not the respondent’s true view

41
Q

Non-attitudes

A

respondent doesn’t have a true view, but provides an answer anyway

42
Q

Measurement Error

A

respondent provides an answer to a question that is different than the question the survey designer intended

43
Q

Rule by the People

A

This ideal is good, but often opinions are uninformed and we don’t know what people want
Elections make leaders responsive to the people
Officials are responsive bc we can fire them

44
Q

Why is it hard to make changes in the USA

A

We are biased toward status quo probability of passing legislation/policy sits at 30% for lower income earners policies tend to reflect preferences of higher income earners

45
Q

Evangelicals

A

Someone who believes: biblicism, conversionism, crucicentrism, actuism.
In politics, journalists are normally talking about white evangelicals
70% approve of Trump
80% voted for Trump
Evangelicals view the US as a place where they feel mocked and threatened for their beliefs

46
Q

IV League

A

Only 15% of kids at IV league are from lower income background
Not economically diverse
trapped in a bubble of privilege

47
Q

People say Trump won bc

A

The democrats didn’t turn out

48
Q

Most important factor in who votes

A

Education
1. college or not b/c we are having political conversations
2. students are mobilizing each other to vote
provides greater sense of political efficacy
1. individuals belief that he or she can influence what happens in the political world
provides greater interest in politics

49
Q

Other important factors in who votes

A 
Income
1. earn more, vote more
2. SES, combination of an individual's occupation, income, and education levels
Age
1. young - vote less
Legal Factors
1. tend to reinforce SES
Mobilization
1. parties/campaigns spend $ on people likely to vote
50
Q

Primary

A

1st round of elections
Election within the party
Determines who the party’s nominee will be

51
Q

“The Media”

A

doesn’t exist because Media is plural

52
Q

Media Outlet

A

a specific program, station, website

53
Q

Media System

A

all media outlets in a country

54
Q

Subscription and views of media…

A

are up in the Trump administration

55
Q

Government

A

Doesn’t have much influence on news coverage
1st Amendment (free press, free speech)
Prior Restraint: government preventing publication of material it finds objectionable
Media outlets are privately owned
PBS is govt funded

56
Q

Journalistic Values

A

objectivity wasn’t always a value
Partisan Press
Penny press
Broadcast Media

57
Q

Media Goals

A

What are the US’s media outlet’s primary goals?
entertain
watchdog rule
make $$$
consequences of media outlets being businesses

58
Q

Politicians and Media

A 
act differently b/c of the media
campaign and govern via ads
paid media
means politicians need to raise $
Free media - try to get covered
sometimes called earned media
News management Strategies
Sound bytes
Talking points
Provide dramatic visuals
59
Q

Agenda Setting Effects

A

when media cover an issue, we think it is important
oversimplified coverage
30 sec ads
incentives to entertain us

POSC 104 (5 decks)

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