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Biology FINAL > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Transcription

A

complementary mRNA is made from a DNA template
Bases join together dictated by the sequence of bases in the template strand
Segment of DNA is copied into RNA

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2
Q

What enzyme is used in Transcription

A

RNA polymerase

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3
Q

Translation

A

tRNA brings in amino acids (anticodon)
After translation a protein contains the dequence of amino acids originally specified in DNA
Process by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of mRNA

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4
Q

Enzyme used for translation

A

Ribosomes

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5
Q

Darwin VS Lamarck Ideas

A

DARWIN
species suited to environment due to no will of their own
Natural selection is means for speciation
Supported by genetics

LAMARCK
Evolution occurred
Adaptation is the cause of diversity
Inheritance of acquired traits

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6
Q

How darwin and lamarck agreed

A

Life changed over time and was still changing
Living things change to become better suited to their environment
All organisms are related

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7
Q

Evidence of evolutionary change

A

Fossil Evidence
Biogeographical Evidence
Anatomical Evidence
Molecular Evidence

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8
Q

Fossil Evidence

A

Fossils trapped in rock (Fossil Record) tells us about the history of life

Life goes from simple to complex

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9
Q

Biogeographical Evidence

A

When forms are related they evolved in one locale and spread to accessible regions

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10
Q

Anatomical Evidence

A

Vestigial, Homologus, Analogous structures

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11
Q

Molecular Evidence

A

All living organisms use the same biochemical molecules Incl. DNA (some differences in genes)

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12
Q

What does natural selection require

A

Variation
Inheritance
Degrees of successful reproduction

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13
Q

Types of selections

A

Directional
Stabilizing
Disruptive

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14
Q

Directional Selection

A

Extreme phenotypes are favored

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15
Q

Stabilizing selection

A

Intermediate phenotypes are favored

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16
Q

Disruptive selection

A

2 or more phenotypes are favored which can result in speciation

17
Q

Microevolution

A

Small measurable evolutionary changes within a population from generation to generation

18
Q

Causes of microevolution

A 
Genetic mutation
Gene Flow
Non-Random Mating
Genetic Drift
Natural Selection
19
Q

Macroevolution

A

Changes in a population over a long period of time

20
Q

Speciation

A

Splitting of one species into two or more new species

Biology FINAL (5 decks)

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