Unit 3

Question 1

What is divine right

Answer 1

King believes he is chosen by God

Question 2

How did the creation of bureaucracies in France increase the power of the king?

Answer 2

Took power away from other nobles

Question 3

What did Absolutism lead to in Europe?

Answer 3

Wars, over-taxation, revolutions, growth of armoes

Question 4

What was the First Estate in France?

Answer 4

Clergy (Catholic church)

Question 5

The Second Estate

Answer 5

Nobility (including the King)

Question 6

The Third Estate

Answer 6

Everyone else (peasants, workers)

Question 7

Who were the Bourgeoisie?

Answer 7

(Rich from the 3rd estate)

Question 8

What is the Old Regime?

Answer 8

The way government was run before the French Revolution

Question 9

Louis XIV was also known as

Answer 9

Sun King

Question 10

What did Louis XIV build as monument to his power and status as an absolute monarch?

Answer 10

The Palace of Versailles

Question 11

How did Louis XIV strip the power of other nobles to make him more powerful?

Answer 11

Made all the nobles move to Versailles where he could control them

Question 12

What did Frederick the Great of Prussia see as his primary role as king?

Answer 12

Expand the size of his army and territory

Question 13

Why did King Louis XVI call for the Estates-General, or a meeting of all three Estates?

Answer 13

France was bankrupt; needed to raise taxes

Question 14

Why did the Third Estate get kicked out of the Estates-General?

Answer 14

They wanted more power and representation

Question 15

What was the Tennis Court Oath?

Answer 15

3rd estate vow to stay and create a constitution

Question 16

What did the Third Estate call their new government?

Answer 16

National Assembly

Question 17

What revolt that started the French Revolution (also the date of France’s Independence)?

Answer 17

Storming of the Bastille

Question 18

What French document that was modeled after the Declaration of Independence?

Answer 18

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

Question 19

In 1792, the Nation Convention made France what kind of government?

Answer 19

A republic

Question 20

What did the French National Convention abolish in 1792?

Answer 20

The monarch/nobility

Question 21

What happened to Louis XVI after the tried to escape France in 1792?

Answer 21

Put on trial for treason; found guilty and was executed

Question 22

The period in France from 1793-1794, under the rule of Robespierre is called?

Answer 22

The Reign of Terror

Question 23

Who took power in a coup d’état in 1799; later crowned himself emperor of France in 1804?

Answer 23

Napoleon

Question 24

What was Napoleon’s escape from exile and last attempt to rule France called?

Answer 24

100 days

Question 25

Where did Napoleon lose most of his army, forcing him into exile?

Answer 25

Russia

Question 26

What was the agreement between the Catholic Church and Napoleon called?

Answer 26

Concordat

Question 27

What was the Continental System, imposed by Napoleon?

Answer 27

Attempt to cut off (isolate) Britain from trading with the rest of Europe

Question 28

What was the common name for the Civil Code of 1804 in France?

Answer 28

Napoleonic Code

Question 29

What battle marked the final end to Napoleon and the French Revolution in 1815?

Answer 29

Battle of Waterloo

Question 30

What was the main goal of the Congress of Vienna in 1815?

Answer 30

To prevent new revolutions

Question 31

What did the Karlsbad decrees try to do?

Answer 31

Limit free speech in Germany

Question 32

Why could only 8% of the population of Britain vote in 1815?

Answer 32

Only land owning men could vote; fewer people owned land due to industrialization

Question 33

Although it failed at first, what did the People's Charter of 1838 attempt to do in Britain?

Answer 33

Grant suffrage (the right to vote) to all men

Question 34

Who publised "The Communist Manifesto" in 1848?

Answer 34

Karl Marx

Question 35

Who was the last French king, also called the "bourgeoisie monarch"?

Answer 35

Louis-Philippe

Question 36

Who created the liberal economic philosophy of "laissez-faire"?

Answer 36

Adam Smith

Question 37

Who developed the germ theory?

Answer 37

Lohis Pasteur

Question 38

Why did romance develop in cities, although mainly among the lower classes?

Answer 38

People in cities didn't know, as they did in small towns

Question 39

Name 3 reasons women started having fewer children in the 1800's

Answer 39

Fewer women dying in childbirth; women waiting longer to marry; children valued more, seen as economic "units"; more food led to lower children mortality

Question 40

The Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 split the world between what 2 countries?

Answer 40

Spain/Portugal

Question 41

The widespread exchange of animals, plants, culture, human populations, and ideas between the Old World and the New World is called?

Answer 41

The Columbian Exchange

Question 42

Which two men helped South America to become independent from Spain in the 1810's?

Answer 42

Jose de San Martin and Simon Bolivar

Question 43

Which two men helped Mexico to become independent from Spain in the 1810's?

Answer 43

Miguel Hidalgo and Jose Maria Morelos

Question 44

What is the main result of the liberalism movement?

Answer 44

It reduced the power of kings and churches and gave more power to common people

Question 45

What two countries are formed in Europe in the mid-1800's directly as a result of the liberalism and nationalism movements?

Answer 45

Germany and Italy

Question 46

What is Nationalism?

Answer 46

Loyalty to your nation with a common culture over a king/empire

Question 47

Define the following political philosophies of the 1800's in Europe and who supported it: Liberal, Conservative, Radical

Answer 47

``` Liberal: middle-class that wanted elected parliaments, but only the educated and landowners could vote Conservative: nobles and the wealthy that wanted to continue traditional monarchies Radical: wanted democracy and the vote for all men, as in France and the French Revolution ```

Question 48

What is an absolute monarch

Answer 48

King with complete power; doesn't share power