Unit 3

Question 1

Constitution (common noun)

Answer 1

A written plan of government…rules that the government must follow

Question 2

Human Rights

Answer 2

Basic rights that all people are entitled to: life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

Question 3

Confederation

Answer 3

Voluntary and loose association (group) of states or countries

Question 4

Sovereignty

Answer 4

Absolute power

Question 5

Parliament

Answer 5

England’s law making body (legislature)

Question 6

Federalism

Answer 6

System of government where power is between the federal and state governments

Question 7

Compromise

Answer 7

An agreement where each side gives up some of its demands in order to reach a solution to a problem

Question 8

Ratification

Answer 8

Process which a constitution or an amendment to a constitution is approved

Question 9

Federalists

Answer 9

Supporters of the constitution who favored a strong national government

Question 10

Antifederalists

Answer 10

The people who allowed the new constitution and wanted a strong state government

Question 11

Bicameral

Answer 11

Two houses in the legislature (Senate and House of Representatives)

Question 12

Market Economy

Answer 12

Economic system where economic decisions are decided by individuals (U.S.)

Question 13

Free market

Answer 13

type of an economy where the right to sell and buy things as you wish

Question 14

Scarcity

Answer 14

Shortage of an item

Question 15

Free enterprise

Answer 15

Same thing as a market economy… NO GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION

Question 16

Capitalism

Answer 16

Same things as a market economy- an economic system where the production and resources are owned by private citizens

Question 17

Monopoly

Answer 17

When one company has COMPLETE control over an entire market/product/service

Question 18

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 18

Primary writer of the Declaration of Independence- Anti-federalist

Question 19

George Washington

Answer 19

President of the Constitutional Convention… he called for the convention- federalist_

Question 20

James Madison

Answer 20

Father of the Constitution – kept a journal of the convention, wrote the Virginia Plan (blue print for the Constitution), wrote Bill of Rights and wrote the Federalist Papers

Question 21

Republic

Answer 21

Representative Democracy- people consent to be ruled by there elected leaders

Question 22

Magna Carta

Answer 22

1215, - document that took power away from a king…1st time in history- guaranteed certain rights, right to a jury and due process when accused of a crime, king can not raise taxes with out permission from the noblemen.- only protected the rich

Question 23

Deceleration of Independence

Answer 23

July 4, 1776- document that listed the reasons the colonies decided to separate from England and form an independent country.

Question 24

Articles of Confederation

Answer 24

The first constitution of America that created a weak central government and strong state governments.

Question 25

Constitution

Answer 25

The document that set up the form of government (Federalism), which we use today

Question 26

Declaration of Independence Purpose and Parts

Answer 26

Purpose: The purpose of the Declaration of Independence was to convince other countries and our own citizens to support our move to independence, and explain our reasons for independence.
Part 1: Preamble: explains the purpose of the Declaration
Part 2: Declaration of Natural Rights: all men are born with natural rights, these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Government was created by people in order to protect these rights. If government doesn’t its job, the people have the right to change or abolish the government and make a new one that will protect our rights.
Part 3 List of Grievances – the list of everything the King did wrong@!
Part 4 – Proclamation of Independence – announces that the united States of America is a free and independent nation

Question 27

Types of Government

Answer 27

Monarchy- Government run by king or queen… power is passed down by family… absolute monarch has absolute power – are no absolute monarchs today… all Constitutional Monarchs- shares power with legislature (England)
Dictatorship – government is run by one person or a small group who have absolute power… people have little or no rights… require military to stay in power. (Cuba, N Korea, Venezuela)
Theocracy – government run by a religion… (Vatican City, Iran)_
Democracy – citizens have the power – citizens make the decisions
Direct democracy - Citizens make all the decisions by voting on each law. Not feasible (practical) for a large country because there are too many people. Works in small areas (Ancient Greece)
Representative democracy Citizens elect people to “represent” their interests in government… power still rests with the citizens… (USA)

Question 28

Problems with the Articles of Confederation

Answer 28

No power given to federal government to tax
No power given to federal government to enforce laws AND the Articles required 9 out of 13 states to approve any laws.
Only one branch of government in federal government- no President and no court system
No power given to federal government to regulate business between states (interstate commerce)

Question 29

Types of Economies

Answer 29

Types of economies
Market- economic system- economic decisions are made by individuals based on their own best interests. The people decide what to make, how much to make, the quality of what they make, and the price
Command- government makes all economic decisions… individuals do not
Traditional- economic decisions are based on the economic traditions of the past (barter, agriculture)
Mixed- economic system that is both a market economy with some government regulations (rules)- the government sometimes tells businesses how much they can charge and sets rules for production.- sometimes the government sets a price ceiling on certain needs, they also set safety regulations.

Question 30

Supply and Demand

Answer 30

Law of Supply- The higher the price the higher the supply

Law of Demand- The lower the price the higher the demand