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Psych 290 athabasca > Unit 3+4 > Flashcards

Unit 3+4 Flashcards

1
Q

What approx percentage of the Canadian population is categorized as obese?

A. Over 20 %
B. 15%
C. 10%
D. Less than 5%

A

A. Over 20 %

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2
Q

What does set point depend on, according to theorists?

A. Number of fat cells
B. Bone structure
C. Activity level
D. Current body weight

A

A. Number of fat cells

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3
Q

Which measure do many experts today prefer to use to assess obesity?

A. Weight
B. Percent body fat
C. Body mass index
D. Waist-to-hip ratio

A

C. Body mass index

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4
Q

What state is referred to as homeostasis?

A. Psychological instability
B. Physiological stability
C. Psychological stability
D. Physiological instability

A

B. Physiological stability

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5
Q

Which term refers to an increase in the electrical conductivity of the skin that occurs when sweat glands increase their activity?

A. Galvanic skin response
B. Galvanography
C. Polyskin response
D. Autonomic skin response

A

A. Galvanic skin response

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6
Q

During which two phases of the human sexual response do heart rate, resp rate, and blood pressure increase sharply?

A. Excitement and plateau
B. Excitement and orgasm
C. Orgasm and resolution
D. Plateau and orgasm

A

B. Excitement and orgasm

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7
Q

Based on cultural differences in display rules, where would you expect negative emotions like sadness to be suppressed or hidden?

A. France
B. Canada
C. USA
D. Japan

A

D. Japan

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8
Q

When does the persuit of achievement increase, according to Atkinsons expectancy - value model?

A. As the probability of success decreases and the incentive value of success increases

B. As the probability of success increases and the incentive value of success decreases

C. As the probability of success and the incentive value of success both decrease

D. As the probability of success and the incentive value of success both increase

A

D. As the probability of success and the incentive value of success both increase

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9
Q

What is suggested by the facial feedback hypothesis?

A. All cultures have identical facial expressions that indicate specific emotional states.

B. Facial muscles send signals to the brain that help the brain recognize the emotion that one is experiencing.

C. Feedback from another person’s facial expression allows individuals to correctly label emotions.

D. After experiencing an emotion, the brain transmits signals that result in facial muscles “matching” the emotion.

A

B. Facial muscles send signals to the brain that help the brain recognize the emotion that one is experiencing.

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10
Q

Which statement best represents current thinking about the role of various areas of the hypothalamus in the regulation of hunger?

A. The lateral and ventromedial portions of the hypothalamus are parts of the neural circuit, but that circuit originates in the cortex.

B. The lateral hypothalamus is the on- switch and the ventromedial hypothalamus is the off switch

C. The lateral hypothalamus is the off switch and the ventromedial hypothalamus is the on switch

D. The lateral and ventromedial portions of the hypothalamaus are parts of the neural circuit, but the paraventricular nucleus may play a larger role.

A

D. The lateral and ventromedial portions of the hypothalamaus are parts of the neural circuit, but the paraventricular nucleus may play a larger role.

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11
Q

Annette was experiencing a high level of sexual excitement as her partner kissed and caressed her. The phone interrupted them, and her heart rate and resps are slowly returning to normal. Which of Masters of Johnsons phases is Anette feeling?

A. Plateau
B. Post-orgasmic
C. Refractory
D. Resolution

A

D. Resolution

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12
Q

Which manipulation would you employ if you wanted to use the phenomonon of sensory-specific satiety to alter your food intake?

A. Alter variety of foods served at each meal
B. Alter times of day you eat
C. Change size of bowls you eat from
D. Change color of dining room

A

A. Alter variety of foods served at each meal

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13
Q

Research has shown that obesity may foster inflammatory and metabolic changes that contribute to the development of which disease?

A. Parkinsons
B. MS
C. Huntingtons
D. Alzheimers

A

D. Alzheimers

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14
Q

“if we dont ban internet porn, the next thing you know, grade school children will be watching smut all day long in their school libraries.” Which fallacy is illustrated by this?

A. Weak analogy
B. Slippery slope
C. False dichotomy
D. Circular reasoning

A

B. Slippery slope

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15
Q

As danica saw the headlights coming directly through the fog on the highway, her blood pressure rose quickly, and she felt her heart race. What does this illustrate?

A. Behavioural component in emotional response
B. Cognitive component in emotional response
C. Physiological component in emotional response
D. Objective component in emotional experience

A

C. Physiological component in emotional response

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16
Q

After viewing a picture of a boy in a baseball game, which story would individual high achievement motivation be most likely to describe in a projective test?

A. The boy is hit in the head by a pitch and suffers a concussion
B. The boy hits a homerun and wins the game
C. The boy argues with the ump over a strike
D. The boy strikes out and is yelled at by coach.

A

B. The boy hits a homerun and wins the game

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17
Q

“We need to ban the use of videogames for children under the age of 12, because obesity leads to serious health issues.” What kind of fallacy is this?

A. Circular argument
B. False dichomy
C. Weak analogy
D. Non sequitur

A

D. Non sequitur

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18
Q

Which of the following is NOT part of the assumptions of evolutionary theories of emotion?

A. Emotions are largely innate
B. Humans have a relatively small number of innate emotions with adaptive value
C. Emotions evolved after thought did
D. Emotions originate in subcortical brain structures

A

C. Emotions evolved after thought did

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19
Q

Which statement does NOT accurately depict emotion?

A. emotion involves a subjective conscious experience
B. The behavioral component of emotion includes bodily arousal
C. Emotion involves a cognitive component
D. Cognition is important in several aspects of emotions, including control of our emotions

A

B. The behavioral component of emotion includes bodily arousal

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20
Q

What is suggested by the fact that the correlation in weight between identical twins reared apart is higher than that between fraternal twins reared together?

A. Weight is not affected by either genetics or environmental factors
B. Weight is equally by genetics and environmental factors
C. Weight is influenced more by genetics than environment
D. Weight is influenced more by environmental factors than environment.

A

C. Weight is influenced more by genetics than environment

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21
Q

At what age does menopause typically occur?

A. 30
B. 50
C. 40
D. 12

A

B. 50

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22
Q

During which stage of prenatal development would you call the developing organism a zygote?

A. Conceptive stage
B. Embryonic stage
C. Germinal stage
D. Fetal stage

A

C. Germinal stage

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23
Q

What does cognitive development involve, according to Piaget?

A. Increases in the quantity, but not quality of knowledge with age
B. Stages that are characterized by fundamentally different thought processes
C. Passive reception of environmental stim
D. Age-related changes in attention and memory

A

B. Stages that are characterized by fundamentally different thought processes

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24
Q

What were Erik Eriksons stages of development associated with?

A. Cognitive development
B. Moral Development
C. Physical development
D. Psychosocial crises

A

D. Psychosocial crises

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25
Q

Which of the following is NOT a current trend regarding marriage?

A. Increase of single adults
B. Increase in percentage of couples who voluntarily remain childless
C. Increase in avg age at first marriage
D. Decrease in percentage of couples who cohabit prior to marriage.

A

D. Decrease in percentage of couples who cohabit prior to marriage.

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26
Q

Which term is defined as characteristic mood, activity level, and emotional reactivity of an infant?

A. Personality
B. Attachment
C. Behavioral qualities
D. Temperament

A

D. Temperament

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27
Q

At what age does an infant typically first exhibit separation anxiety?

A. 14-18m
B. 1-2 weeks
C. 6-8m
D. 1-2m

A

C. 6-8m

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28
Q

What is the first stage of prenatal development?

A. Postnatal
B. Fetal
C. Germinal
D. Embryonic

A

C. Germinal

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29
Q

What is the term for inability of a child to mentally “undo” something?

A. Irreversibility
B. Egocentrism
C. Assimilation
D. Object permanence

A

A. Irreversibility

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30
Q

What is the relationship between gestational exposure to air pollution and cognitive development in children?

A. None
B. Exposure to air pollution is associated with impaired cog development by age 5
C. No known effect
D. Exposure is associated with increased risk of ADD

A

B. Exposure to air pollution is associated with impaired cog development by age 5

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31
Q

What did bowlby assert that adults are programmed by evolutionary forces to do in response to small infants and children?

A. Protect them even if it means dying
B. Think about them constantly
C. Keep distance from them to avoid attachment
D. Be captivated by their behaviour and respond with warmth, lover and protection

A

D. Be captivated by their behaviour and respond with warmth, lover and protection

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32
Q

What type of reasoning suggests that a poor man who stole food from his family was right because human life takers precedence over rules?

A. Postconventional moral reasoning
B. Preconventional moral reasoning
C. Formal operational thought
D. Concrete operational thought

A

A. Postconventional moral reasoning

33
Q

Bob is asked, “do you have a brother?” he replies, “yes”. “what’s his name?” “joe” “does he have a brother?” “no” Which stage of cognitive development is bob most likely in?

A. Sensorimotor
B. Formal
C. Preoperational
D. Concrete operational

A

C. Preoperational

34
Q

Preschoolers generally do not recognize that if 8-5 =3 then 3+5=8. What character of though causes this?

A. Animisim
B. Egocentrism
C. Irreversibility
D. Centration

A

C. Irreversibility

35
Q

Which group would be most likely to have visuospatial skills or levels of aggression that are higher than expected for their gender?

A. Girls with high levels of prenatal estrogen
B. Boys exposed to high levels of prenatal testosterone
C. Girls exposed to high levels prenatal testosterone
D. Boys exposed to high levels prenatal estrogen

A

C. Girls exposed to high levels prenatal testosterone

36
Q

Alice is in general a happy baby, recently she has been clingy and doesnt want to be held by people she does not know, what age range fits this description?

A. 12-15m
B. 6-8m
C. 9-11m
D. 2-4M

A

B. 6-8m

37
Q

What theme is illustrated by investigations of complex, real-world issues such as effects of computer training for senior citizens

A. Behaviour is shaped by cultural heritage
B. Peoples experience of then world is highly subjective
C. Psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context
D. Psychology is theoretically diverse

A

C. Psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context

38
Q

Mr and mrs. Mckavick have three school-age children. Their next door neighbors, mr and mrs clancy have three grandchildren who are the same age as mrs mckabicks children., What is most likely based on research info into martial satisfaction across the family cycle?

A. Both couples have high satisfaction
B. Both couples have low satisfaction
C. The clanceys have more satsifaction
D. The Mckavicks have more satisfaction

A

C. The clanceys have more satsifaction

39
Q

Felicia is pregnant, and her BP has become high. Her dr wants to do a csection, even though shes only 27 weeks pregnant. What is the babys survivial chance?

A. 25%
B. 100%
C. 75%
D. less than 10%

A

C. 75%

40
Q

Four year old melaine is exploring and she finds a bottle of vitamins in the cupboard. They look like candy, so she eats them. Which of piagets processes is illustrated?

A. Accommodation
B. Centration
C. Object permanence
D. Assimilation

A

D. Assimilation

41
Q

What proportion of the population could reasonably be characterized as homosexual, according to recent studies?

A. Between 12-15 percent
B. Just over 18 percent
C. Approximately 5-8 percent
D. Less than 1 percent

A

C. Approximately 5-8 percent

42
Q

What is the orientation of an individual who prefers and seeks emotional and sexual relationships with members of the opposite sex?

A. Bi
B. unisexual
C. Homosexual
D. Heterosexual

A

D. Heterosexual

43
Q

When does the conscious experience of emotion occur. relative to physiological arousal, according to the Cannon-Bard theory?

A. Prior to physiological arousal
B. At the same time as phsyiological arousal
C. Only when arousal is absent
D. After physiological arousal

A

B. At the same time as physiological arousal

44
Q

What are the two primary situational factors that influence achievement behavior?

A. The probability of success and incentive value of success

B. The incentive value of success and the individuals achievement motivation

C. The probability of success and the individuals achievement motivation

D. The probability of success and probability of failure

A

A. The probability of success and incentive value of success

45
Q

What has research shown is NOT very important in determining one’s happiness?

A. Personality
B. Work
C. Love and marriage
D. Money

A

D. Money

46
Q

When you are engaging in goal-directed behaviour, what are you experiencing?

A. drive reduction
B. Motivation
C. An incentive
D. Emotion

A

B. Motivation

47
Q

What is hedonic adaptation?

A. The tendency to discount positive events that you have never experienced

B. The tendency to view positive events relative to a standard that is based on your experience.

C. The tendency to seek out pleasurable events

D. The tendency for natural selection to act on beneficial emotional traits, but not on maladaptive ones.

A

B. The tendency to view positive events relative to a standard that is based on your experience.

48
Q

Approximately what percentage of 15-17 year olds report in engaging in sexual intercourse?

A. 50
B. 30
C. 70
D. 10

A

B. 30

49
Q

What is the foremost motivation for all organisms, according to drive theorists?

A. Maintain homeostasis

B. Ensure their own survivial and the survival of their species

C. experience as much pleasant stim as possible

D. Achieve self-actualization

A

A. Maintain homeostasis

50
Q

Which list represents the correct sequence of the phases of the human sexual response?

A. Plateau, excitement, resolution, orgasm

B. Excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution

C. Excitement, plateau, resolution, orgasm

D. Plateau, excitement, orgasm, resolution

A

B. Excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution

51
Q

What is the likely consequence if you go to a party and force yourself to smile even though you are feeling a little depressed?

A. You will actually feel a little happier.

B. You will still feel depressed.

C. You will fool everyone at the party but yourself.

D. You will feel more depressed later.

A

A. You will actually feel a little happier.

52
Q

Which manipulation can you use to help reduce the amount of food you eat at a meal?

A. Eat in the presence of other people

B. Serve only one type of food

C. Place foods on the table in larger bowls

D. Serve better tasting food.

A

B. Serve only one type of food

53
Q

Scott just experienced an orgasm, for an hour, he cannot achieve another one. What phase of sexual response is scott in?

A. Plateau
B. Latency
C. Resolution
D. Orgasmic

A

C. Resolution

54
Q

Because pietro is high in his need for achievement, which characteristic is he least likely to exhibit?

A. Desire to excel

B. Desire to outperform others

C. Desire to help others reach their goals

D. Desire to master difficult challenges

A

D. Desire to master difficult challenges

55
Q

Damien went outside without his jacket on, and he is feeling very cold. His body temp has started to drop as a result of the ambient temperature. What has been disrupted by the cold temp?

A. Incentives
B. Motives
C. Emotional regulation
D. Homeostasis

A

D. Homeostasis

56
Q

Imogene grew up in a small town in northern England; Kunde grew up in a large city in West Africa. What should you expect about their various needs?

A. They have the same bio needs, but different social needs.

B. They have dif bio and social needs

C. They have same social needs, but dif bio needs.

D. They have same bio and social needs.

A

A. They have the same bio needs, but different social needs.

57
Q

Where in Canada are obesity rates average or below average?

A. PEI, NFL, Labrador, BC, Alberta

B. Ontario, QC, BC, Alberta

C. Sask, Man, NB, NS

D. NWT, QC, BC, Nunavut.

A

B. Ontario, QC, BC, Alberta

58
Q

What did Alfred Kinsey suggest about homosexuality and heterosexuality?

A. They are end points on a continuum.

B. They are value judgements and should be of little concern to scientists.

C. They are orientations based on early learning.

D. They are orientations that are a function of genetics.

A

A. They are end points on a continuum.

59
Q

Fernando and Isabelle are both seniors at central high, and their schools basketball team just won the divisional championship. Fernando is used to his team winning a lot, while isabelle is new and wasnt expecting to win. What is based on the hedonic adaptation?

A. Overestimate Central Highs chances for future victories

B. Underestimate central highs chances for future victories.

C. be more excited by the win, because it is not typical for her.

D. Be less excited by the win, she wasnt expecting it.

A

C. be more excited by the win, because it is not typical for her.

60
Q

Which question will likely lead to the largest sexual difference in responses?

A. Have you ever had an orgasm?

B. Have you ever been sexually aroused without having an orgasm?

C. Do you have an orgasm every time you have sex?

D. Did you experience an orgasm in your most recent sexual encounter?

A

C. Do you have an orgasm every time you have sex?

61
Q

Which statement best describes the experience of menopause?

A. Most women experience relatively modest psychological distress during menopause.

B. Menopause is almost universally accompanied by severe emotional strain

C. Menopause for most women typically occurs around age 40.

D. Middle-aged males experience hormonal changes that are equivalent to the female menopause

A

A. Most women experience relatively modest psychological distress during menopause.

62
Q

According to Kubler-Ross, what are the five stages of bereavement?

A. Anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance, sadness

B. Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance.

C. Bargaining, depression, acceptance, empathy, shame.

D. Depression, acceptance, sadness, rage, bargaining.

A

B. Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance.

63
Q

What is the term used to categorize alcohol, prescription drugs, environmental toxins, and other substances that can harm the developing fetus or embryo?

A. Teratogen
B. Tetrodotoxin
C. Semiochemical
D. Maladaptation

A

A. Teratogen

64
Q

Erik Erikson’s developmental stages are organized around potential turning points. What are these points called?

A. Psychosexual crises
B. Developmental tasks.
C. Psychosocial crisis
D. Fixation points.

A

C. Psychosocial crisis

65
Q

What is the duration of the preoperational stage of cognitive development?

A. 2-7
B. 7-11
C. 11+
D. 0-2

A

A. 2-7

66
Q

What is the most common deficit associated with old age in terms of sensory functioning?

A. Gustatory discrimination

B. Nearsightedness

C. Farsightedness

D. Tactile Discrimination

A

C. Farsightedness

67
Q

At what stage is the developing human organism capable of physical movement?

A. Embryonic
B. Postnatal
C. Germinal
D. Fetal

A

D. Fetal

68
Q

What does accomodation involve, according to Jean Piaget?

A. Changing existing mental structures to explain new experiences.

B. The tendency to focus on just one feature of a problem, neglecting other important aspects.

C. interpreting new experiences in terms of exisiting mental structures without changing them.

D. The gap between what a learner can do alone vs what they can do with guidance.

A

A. Changing existing mental structures to explain new experiences.

69
Q

Which identity phase is characterized by having a sense of self and direction after consideration of alternative possibilities?

A. Foreclosure

B. Diffusion

C. Achievement

D. Moratorium

A

C. Achievement

70
Q

One celled organism formed by the union of sperm and egg?

A. Embryo
B. Conception
C. Zygote
D. Fetus

A

C. Zygote

71
Q

Which causes full fetal alcohol syndrome?

A. Heavy drinking 1st three months pregnancy

B. Heavy drinking final three months pregnancy

C. Drunken binge any time during pregnancy

D. Heavy drinking throughout pregnancy

A

D. Heavy drinking throughout pregnancy

72
Q

Where is there a higher rate of avoidant attachment patterns?

A. US
B. Germany
C. Japan
D. Canada

A

B. Germany

73
Q

When do children understand conservation?

A. Formal operational stage
B. Preoperational stage
C. Concrete operational stage
D. Sensorimotor stage.

A

C. Concrete operational stage

74
Q

A child who can tie their shoelaces would find it easy to learn to tie a ribbon on a gift. What would Piaget call this thinking process?

A. Accomodation
B. Operationalization
C. Assimilation
D. Maturation

A

C. Assimilation

75
Q

What is one piece of evidence that childrens understanding of the mind seems to change dramatically between age 3-4?

A. They develop object permanence

B. They understand that others
have desires and emotions

C. They develop conservation

D. They begin to understand that people can hold false beliefs

A

D. They begin to understand that people can hold false beliefs

76
Q

Child born with small head, heart defects, irritability, hyperactivity, and retarded mental and motor development. What is likely true?

A. Childs mother consumed excessive alcohol while pregnant

B. Childs mother had rubella while pregnant

C. Childs mother smoked excessively while pregnant

D. Childs mother was malnurished during pregnancy

A

A. Childs mother consumed excessive alcohol while pregnant

77
Q

Which pattern of infanct attachment is far more common in Japan than in the US?

A. Secure
B. Anxious- ambivalent
C. Insecure
D. Avoidant

A

B. Anxious- ambivalent

78
Q

What does viability mean?

A. Fetus is fully developed

B. Fetus is very likely to survive if born in this stage

C. She is at least 22 weeks pregnant

D. She is at least 8 months pregnant.

A

C. She is at least 22 weeks pregnant

79
Q
A

Psych 290 athabasca (5 decks)

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