Unit 3

Question 1

acceleratoin due to gravity

Answer 1

9.8 m/s2 or 32 ft/s2, the change in velocity per second at the surface of the earth

Question 2

actual mechanical advantage

Answer 2

the ratio of the resistance force to the effort force

Question 3

calorie

Answer 3

the amount of heat needed to raise one gram of water one Celsius degree

Question 4

chemcal energy

Answer 4

energy derived from chemical bonding between atoms

Question 5

displacement

Answer 5

the length of the shortest path from one point to another

Question 6

distance

Answer 6

the length of any given path connecting two points

Question 7

efficiency

Answer 7

A measure of the ratio of work done to work available.

Question 8

electrical energy

Question 9

energy

Answer 9

the capacity to do work

Question 10

first law of heat and thermodynamics

Answer 10

he principle which states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed; the total amount of energy is constant but may be converted from one form to another

Question 11

force

Answer 11

A push or pull.

Question 12

gaseous phase

Answer 12

a state in which matter occupies all available space

Question 13

geothermal energy

Answer 13

energy obtained from steam or water heated below the earth’s surface by natural
sources of heat

Question 14

heat energy

Answer 14

energy that results when a temperature change occurs

Question 15

heat engine

Answer 15

an engine that operates on a temperature difference and releases a great deal of heat

Question 16

hydroelectric energy

Answer 16

energy obtained when water behind a dam is used to turn a generator

Question 17

ideal mechanical advantage

Answer 17

the ratio of the effort distance to the resistance distance

Question 18

ionize

Answer 18

the condition that occurs when atoms gain or lose one or more electrons

Question 19

kinetic energy

Answer 19

energy an object has due to its motion

Question 20

latent heat of fusion

Answer 20

the heat needed to change one unit of matter from solid to liquid with no change in temperature

Question 21

latent heat of vaporazation

Answer 21

the heat needed to change one unit of matter from liquid to gas with no change in temperature

Question 22

law of conservation of energy

Answer 22

the principle which states that the total amount of energy in a system isolated from the rest of the universe remains constant although energy may be transformed from one form to another within the system

Question 23

light energy

Answer 23

energy derived from light

Question 24

liquid phase

Answer 24

the state in which matter takes the shape of its container

Question 25

mass

Answer 25

the amount of matter an object has

Question 26

nuclear energy

Answer 26

energy derived from nuclei of atoms

Question 27

plasma phase

Answer 27

the highest energy state of matter in which matter is ionized

Question 28

potential energy

Answer 28

energy stored in an object due to its position

Question 29

power

Answer 29

rate at which work is done or energy expended

Question 30

rotatonal motion

Answer 30

motion on an axis; spin

Question 31

second law of heat and thermodynamics

Answer 31

the principle which states that whenever energy is transformed from one form to another, some energy is dissipated as heat energy that is useless and cannot be transformed into mechanical energy

Question 32

solar energy

Answer 32

energy obtained from the sun

Question 33

solid phase

Answer 33

the lowest energy state, in which matter has definite shape and volume

Question 34

specific heat

Answer 34

the amount of heat added or removed from one gram of matter to change its temperature by one Celsius degree

Question 35

temperature

Answer 35

that which matter exhibits by virtue of its molecular motion; a measure of heat

Question 36

tidal energy

Answer 36

energy obtained from the earth's tides

Question 37

thermodynamics

Answer 37

the study of energy conversions between heat energy and mechanical energy

Question 38

translational motion

Answer 38

change of location

Question 39

vibrational motion

Answer 39

motion with no net displacement

Question 40

wind energy

Answer 40

energy obtained from the wind

Question 41

work

Answer 41

that which occurs when a force moves through a net displacement; the tangible product of expended energy