unit 3 29-58 Flashcards
a committee set up by a corporation, labor union, interest, that raises and spends campaign money from voluntary donations
political action committee
an issue about which the public is divided and rival parties or candidates adopt different positions
position issue
an election held to choose candidates for office
primary election
voting for a candidate because you favor his or her ideas for handling issues
prospective voting
voting for a candidate because you like his or her past actions in office
retrospective voting
a second primary election held when no candidate gets a majority of the votes in the first primary
runoff primary
funds obtained by political parties that are spend on party activities, such as get-out-the-vote drives, but not on behalf of a specific candidate
soft money
an increase in the votes a congressional candidate usually gets when they first run for reelection
sophomore surge
an issue about which the public is united and rival candidates or political parties adopt similar positions in hopes that each will be thought to represent those widely shares beliefs
valence issue
political organization that attracts members by appealing to their political convictions or principles
ideological interest group
something of value one cannot get without joining an organization
incentive
many things valued in monetary terms
material incentive
a signal telling a legislator what values are at stake in a vote, and how that issue fits with his or her own political views or party agenda
political cue
an interest group whose efforts significantly benefit nonmembers
public interest lobby
a benefit that comes from serving a cause or principle
purposive incentive
