Unit 3

Question 1

What are the survivorship curves?

Answer 1

Type 1 ( Stable / k-selected species ) : LATE LOSS, tend to live long lives, dramatic death rate increase at the end
Type 2 : CONSTANT LOSS, relatively constant mortality survivorship rate throughout their life expectancies
Type 3 ( Unstable / r-selected species ) : EARLY LOSS, high death rate immediately following birth, low survivorship rate

Question 2

Density dependent factors - P.A.N.D.A.

Answer 2

Predatation and parasites
Availability of shelter and water
Nutrient supply
Disease
Accumulation of waste

Question 3

Density independent factors - C.A.N.

Answer 3

Climate and weather conditions
Availability of light, O2, CO2
Natural disasters

Question 4

What is the Thomas Malthus / Malthusian Theory?

Answer 4

Population growth is exponential while food supply / resource growth is linear eventually reducing living standards triggering population decline.

Question 5

What are the 4 stages of the DTM?

Answer 5

Stage 1 : Pre-industrial, birth and death rates are high, pop. low
Stage 2 : Transitional, low death rates, high birth rates, rapid pop. growth
Stage 3 : Industrial, birth rates gradually decrease, pop. growth continues but at a lower rate
Stage 4 : Post-industrial, low birth rates and death rates, stabilizing pop.