unit 3 Flashcards
what is retribution based on
retribution is when the punishment reflects the severity of the crime.
what does retribution not seek to do
retribution doesn’t seek to alter future behaviour just to inflict punishment which reflects the severity of the offence
how is retribution achieved
E.G of retribution
what biblical expression is retribution based on
what’s the most literal form of retribution
explain how retribution has increased for death by dangerous driving over the last 32yrs
explain how retribution links to right realism
state 5 types of prison sentences in the uk
explain how retribution works for the mandatory life sentence for murder in the uk
what offences have a discretionary life sentence. explain how retribution works for a discretionary life sentence.
how has retribution for murder sentences increased in the last 20 years
explain how Rose West recieved the maximum form of retribution in the uk
what happens to an offender when they’re released on license. how is retribution said to be achieved. is it?
what form of retribution exists in the us but not the uk. why is this pure retribution
how is retribution achieved through community sentencing
E.G of community based retribution
why is the embarrassment enough for some criminals
joey barton and Wayne Rooney crimes charged with community sentences. why may some feel retribution wasn’t served
why may some of society feel like retribution hasn’t occured
financial penaltys
what 2 factors will the financial amount depend on
a fine can be paid in installments. how is this a proportional form of retribution
why would it be harmful to the justice system for fines being excessive or paid upfront
according to figures in 2019 what proportion of offenders received a fine
what was the total number of fines distributed
why is a financial penalty a good form of retribution. especially when compared to prison
define rehabilitation
how does prison look to achieve rehabilitation
why is rehabilitation seen as controversial. hint expensive and rewarded
give an example of when rehabilitation can be seen in community sentences
explain how rehabilitation links to right realism
explain how rehabilitation links to behaviour modification treatments
explain how licensing works
what sentence are most people given
what additional post sentence service occurs
explain how prison works for those who serve 2 yrs or more
what Is each prisoner allocated
explain the reality of rehabilitation of offenders using stats
explain how this shows all of the above have an attempt at rehabilitation
why do you think re-offending rates are so high
who do you report to when given a community order
why does help to achieve rehabilitation
why does the deterrance aspect help to rehabilitate offenders
how has community orders been used since 2010
in terms of re-offending rates how does this compare to prison
why do you think community orders work better than prisons. give E.G
what stat from 2013 suggests community orders don’t work
why do you think community sentences are used so infrequently compared to Scandinavian countries
What is deterrence based on. where does the definition come from
explain the concept of individual deterrence
explain how a suspended sentence is a great example of individual deterrence
summarise the re-offending rates to show that this aim of sentencing doesn’t always work
explain how this aim links to social learning theories of crime
explain the concept of general deterrence
how is general deterrence dismissed by the public give an e.g
why is the severity of punishment a factor in general deterrence.
explain how the London 2011 riots used general deterrence
explain how general deterrence links to marxism
explain how a suspended sentence is a form of general deterrence
use the following percentages to assess why this is not a successful form of deterrence 54 and 4%
deterrence through community sentencing
explain how individual and general deterrence is achieved though community sentencing
explain how general deterrence doesn’t work for offences like speeding
explain how previous convictions don’t work for individual deterrence
what percentage of offenders successfully complete community sentences. why does this show deterrence works.
what percentage of offenders do not complete community sentences. how does this show deterrence doesn’t work
deterrence in finance
summarise how fines work in the uk justice system.
how is deterrence the main aim of financial penalties
what are the consequences of not paying a fine
using statistics from the daily telegraph and daily mirror to explain why financial penalties are not a strong form of deterrence
explain the difference between absolute and conditional discharge
how often is discharge used in the uk
explain how the clear purpose of discharge is deterrence
when is conditional discharge used
why is it a short term deterrence not a long one
how does absolute discharge serve as a deterrent
explain the idea of public protection
what word best describes public protection
explain how the following serve as forms of public protection: electronic tagging, imprisonment, involuntary castration, death penalty
explain how public protection links to right realism
explain how interdeterminate sentences achieve public protection
who is this sentence for and assess how it achieves public protection
since 2012 why has the impact of interdeterninate sentences been reduced
explain how John Worboys links to public protection. assess if the publics protected
how is an interdeterminate sentence an absolute protection
why is this controversial (that an interdeterminate sentence would be absolute protection)
explain how the following achieve public protection: curfews, tagging , drink related offences, driving disqualifications
is the public protected by these punishments
commune orders are often given for drink or drug related offences. why may the public not be protected for these types of punishment
define reparation
what is the aim of reparation
explain how reparation links to left realism
what is denunciations aim
use cigarette smoking as an example of denunciation
explain how denunciation links to functionalism
