Unit 3 Flashcards
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What is the Energy Nutrients?
3 sources of energy that allow us to maintain bodily functions, build + repair tissue, + remain psychical activity
Describe the 3 energy nutrients
Protein:
Fat:
Carbohydrates:
Protein:No protein reserved
Fat: rich storage of energy
Carbohydrates:the most important source of energy. most used and plentiful
Explain the energy systems:
ATP-PC:
Glycolysis:
cellular respitory:
The 3 metabolic pathways: the main pahways that ATP is reserved + restored
ATP-PC:
-Anaerobic (no oxygen)
-last 10-seconds
-uses ATP + PC already stored in the muscles
-1 molecule of ATP
-1-2 chem reactions
-creates no waste
Glycolysis:
-Anaerobic (no oxygen)
-last 15sec-3mins
-uses Glucose
-2 molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose
-11 chemical reactions
-produces lactic acid
Aerobic:
-aerobic (yes oxygen)
-uses glycogen, fat, and protein
-36 molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose
-chem reactions: glycoysis, krebs, cycle, and electron transport cycle
-produces water + carbon dioxide,
-lasts for as long as you do
How long do each three engergy systems lasts?
ATP-PC:
Glycolysis:
cellular respitory:
ATP-PC: 10-15 seconds
Glycolysis: 30 seconds- 3 minutes
cellular respitory: 3+
What are the main fuels and byproducts of each energy system?
ATP-PC:
Glycolysis:
cellular respitory:
ATP-PC: phosephate creatine –> none
Glycolysis: Glucose –> Lactic acid
cellular respitory: Glycogen, fat, + protein –> water + carbon dioxide
How much ATP is used in the energy system
ATP-PC:
Glycolysis:
cellular respitory:
ATP-PC: 1 molecule
Glycolysis: 2 molecule per gluscoe
cellular respitory: 36 per glucose
What are the chemical resections of each energy system?
ATP-PC:
Glycolysis:
cellular respitory:
ATP-PC: 1-2
Glycolysis: 11
cellular respitory: glycosis, kreb cycle, and electron transport chain
explain the difference between Slow twitch vs. fast-twitch muscles
Slow twitch:
-generate and relax tension slowly
-lower tension for longer
-high oxygen (high myoglobin)
-aerobic activities
-low glycogen
Fast twitch muscles:
-generates and relaxes tension fast
-high tension for short time
-low oxygen (low myoglobin)
-Anaerobic activities
-high glycogen
Catagorze the muscle types
- slow-oxditate
- fast-oxidateive glycotic
3.fast glycolotic
- slow-oxditate: slow twich
-oxygen/myglobin
-low glycogen - fast-oxidateive glycotic
-half-breed
-oxygen
-medium glycogen
3.fast glycolotic
fast twitch
-no oxygen/low myglobin
-high glycogen
take me through 1 heart beat (steps and areas)
- deoxygenated blood enters the superior/inferior vena Cava
- the blood goes to the right atrium
- passing through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle
- passing through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary artery
- going into the lungs and becoming smaller capillaries for oxygen exchange
6.blood goes backing into the heart via pulmonary veins
- goes into left atrium
- passes through the bicusbid valve into the left atrium
- passes through the aortic semilunar valve into the aorta
- the aorta distributes the blood to the body to deliver oxygen
what is
cardiac output:
stroke volume:
heart rate:
cardiac cycle:
blood pressure:
systolic blood pressure:
Diastolic blood pressure:
blood flow distribution:
BPM:
MHR:
VO2 max:
cardiac output: volume of blood pumped per minute
stroke volume: volume of blood per pump
heart rate: £ of beats per minute
cardiac cycle: what happens during 1 heart beat (systolic: heart contracts and diastolic: heart fills)
blood pressure:force of blood against walls
systolic blood pressure: Max blood pressure
Diastolic blood pressure: Min blood pressure
blood flow distribution: how oxygen is distributed through the body
BPM: Beats per minute (heart rate)
MHR: maximum heart rate (220-age)
VO2 max:max oxygen the body can use
-measures aerobic fitness
untrained vs. trained effects on
cardiac output:
stroke volume:
heart rate (bpm):
blood pressure:
blood flow distribution:
VO2 max:
stroke volume:
untrained: low
trained: high
heart rate (bpm):
untrained: high
trained: low
blood pressure:
untrained: high
trained: low
blood flow distribution:
untrained: low
trained: high
VO2 max:
untrained: low
trained: high cuz capillarity density increases
What are the percentages for the target heart zones?
Moderate:
Vigorous:
high-intensity:
Moderate: 50-70% of MHR
Vigorous:70-85% of MHR
high-intensity:85-95% of MHR
What is the purpose of VO2 max and its testing
pros and cons of direct VO2 max testing?
Purpose: to measure Aerobic fitness
-monster respiratory diseases
-checking health risk factors in the population
Pros:
-exact measurable numbers and ppl to interpret those numbers
cons:
-expensive
-exhausting
what is the impact of age and gender on V02 max?
Age: age up, Vo2 max down (declines)
Gender: males higher, females lower
