Unit #3 Flashcards
Most enzymes are…
Proteins. They can also be hydrolysis or dehydration synthesis
Activation energy
Amount of energy it takes to trigger a chemical reaction
Enzymes act as a…
Catalyst. Helps guarantee that a reaction will happen
Catalyse
Helps break down hydrogen peroxide. Found in peroxisomes
__ generally ends in “-ase”
Enzymes
Ex.
- Sucrase
- Lactase
- Maltase
Restricted region
Region on an enzyme’s active site that interacts with a substrate
Enzymes __ bonds which lowers __
Weakens, activation energy
Active site
What a substrate interacts with as a whole
Substrate
Substance an enzymes interacts with. Produces products in a chemical reaction
Induced fit
When an active site “changes” in order to adjust to a substrate (not a perfect fit)
What are the three factors that impact enzyme activity?
- Environmental factors (temperature, pH, etc)
- Cofactors & coenzymes (zinc, iron, etc)
- Enzyme inhibitors (medicines and drugs)
Competitive inhibitors
A chemical/molecule(s) that resemble a normal substrate of a specific enzyme. Interacts with the enzyme which prevents it from temporarily interacting with its normal substrate
Non-competitive inhibitors
A chemical/molecule(s) that interacts with another part of the enzyme which change the active site. The active site changes its shape in order to bind to the inhibitor
Rate of reaction
The rate at which an enzyme catalyzes a substrate (speed at which a chemical reaction occurs)
