Unit 3

Question 1

Prokaryotic cells divide by _______.

Answer 1

Binary Fission

Question 2

In the eukaryotic cell cycle, in which phase is DNA synthesized?

Answer 2

S phase

Question 3

Two identical copies of homologous chromosomes are called _______ and are joined at the _______.

Answer 3

Sister Chromatids; Centromere

Question 4

What causes cancer in cells?

Answer 4

Damage to genes controlling the cell cycle

Question 5

During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?

Answer 5

Prophase I

Question 6

In which phase are the pairs of homologous chromosomes, with their sister chromatids, pulled apart?

Answer 6

Anaphase I

Question 7

If you were sorting labels related to meiosis and mitosis in binds during lab, which one should you remove from the “meiosis” bin (which one does not belong).
- crossing over
- results in genetically unique cells
- haploid daughter cells
- diploid daughter cells

Answer 7

Diploid daughter cells

Question 8

The process of independent assortment refers to _______.

Answer 8

The orientation of homologous chromosomes during metaphase I

Question 9

In Mendel’s initial experiments, he crossed two true-breeding pea plants, one with purple flowers (the dominant trait) and the other with white (the recessive trait). Their offspring, the F1 generation, were _______.

Answer 9

Heterozygous with Purple Flowers

Question 10

Tall is dominant to dwarf in pea plants. If two dwarf pea plants were crossed, their offspring will be _______.

Answer 10

All dwarf plants

Question 11

In Japanese four o’clock flowers, pink-flowered plants are produced when red-flowered plants are crossed with white-flowered plants. This type of inheritance can best be described as _______.

Answer 11

Incomplete Dominance

Question 12

Foxes, cats, and rabbits have enzymes that are heat-sensitive, causing a seasonal variation in coat color due to _______.

Answer 12

An environmental effect