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Higher Chemistry > UNIT 3 > Flashcards

UNIT 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What does it mean if atom economy is 100%?

A

All of the reactant is converted to product

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2
Q

What is molar volume?

A

The molar volume of a gas is the volume occupied by 1 mole of a gas at a stated temperature and pressure

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3
Q

What is activation energy?

A

Activation energy is the minimum kinetic energy required for a reaction to occur

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4
Q

How does a catalyst work in a potential energy diagram?

A

Catalysts work by providing an alternative pathway for a reaction which is lower in energy

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5
Q

What does a catalyst do to the activation energy?

A

Catalysts lower the activation energy required for molecules to collide successfully

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6
Q

What are heterogeneous catalysts?

A

Heterogeneous catalysts are in a different state from the reactants

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7
Q

What are homogeneous catalysts?

A

Homogeneous catalysts are in the same state as the reactants

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8
Q

Do catalysts have an effect on 🔺H?

A

No

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9
Q

What is exothermic?

A

Heat given out to the surroundings

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10
Q

What is endothermic?

A

Energy absorbed from the surroundings

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11
Q

What is it when energy is required to break bonds?

A

Endothermic

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12
Q

What is it when energy is released when new bonds are made?

A

Exothermic

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13
Q

How to work out activation energy?

A

EA - Reactants

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14
Q

How to work out enthalpy change?

A

Products - Reactants

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15
Q

How to work out reverse Activation Energy?

A

EA - Products

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16
Q

How to work out reverse Enthalpy Change?

A

Reactants - Products

17
Q

What is enthalpy of combustion?

A

The enthalpy of combustion is the heat energy given out when 1 mole of fuel burns completely in oxygen

18
Q

What does the draught shield do?

A

Keeps heat in

19
Q

What does Hess’s Law state?

A

That enthalpy change for a reaction depends only on the initial and final states of the reaction and is independent of the route by which the reaction may occur

20
Q

What does Le Chatelier’s principle state?

A

That if a system at equilibrium is subjected to any change, the system will adjust itself to counteract the applied change

21
Q

What does a catalyst do to equilibrium?

A

Increases the rate of the forward and the backward reaction allowing equilibrium to be reached faster

22
Q

Does a catalyst affect the position of equilibrium?

A

No

23
Q

What does an increase in concentrations of reactants favour?

A

The products

24
Q

What does a decrease in concentrations of reactants favour?

A

The reactants

25
Q

What does an increase in concentration of products favour?

A

The products

26
Q

What does a decrease in concentrations favour?

A

The reactants

27
Q

What does an increase in pressure favour?

A

The side with the fewest gaseous molecules

28
Q

What does a decrease in pressure favour?

A

The side with the most gaseous molecules

29
Q

What does an increase in temperature favour?

A

The endothermic reaction

30
Q

What does a decrease in temperature favour?

A

The exothermic reaction

31
Q

What is the forward reaction called in equilibrium?

A

Endothermic

32
Q

What is the reverse reaction called in equilibrium?

A

Exothermic

33
Q

What will happen when an alkali gets added to equilibrium?

A

An alkali will remove hydrogen ions from the equilibrium which will move to the right to replace them

34
Q

What is bond enthalpy?

A

The energy released when a bond is made in a diatomic molecule

35
Q

What is mean bond enthalpy?

A

The average energy released per bond in different environments/compunds

36
Q

How to work out bond enthalpy?

A

Bond Breaking - Bond Making

37
Q

Is bond breaking endothermic or exothermic?

A

Endothermic

38
Q

Is bond making endothermic or exothermic?

A

Exothermic

Higher Chemistry (3 decks)

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