Unit 3

Question 1

Benelux

Answer 1

Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxemburg

Question 2

North European Plain

Answer 2

Found: BENE, Germany, Denmark, Poland
-Used as farmland, elevation 0-200m, lakes/ lagoons due to closeness to sea
-Place where food production is possible, space to build

Question 3

Chernozem

Answer 3

Soil found in Russian Steppe + Ukraine
-Rich black soil that is mineral rich
-Acts as “breadbasket” to Europe

Question 4

Direct Democracy

Answer 4

Ancient Greece
-People (free makes) vote/debate
-All citizens had a voice but it was chaotic b/c of too many people

Question 5

Republic

Answer 5

Ancient Rome
-people gave power to elected officials who work govnt. on behalf of people
-more efficient that Direct Democracy but it relies on official doing a good job

Question 6

Feudalism

Answer 6

England in Middle Ages
-Lords possessed land
-Favors exchanged for land rights
-Function well w/o govnt. but poor had nothing than labor

Question 7

Absolutism

Answer 7

Louis XIV of France + Peter the Great of Russia
-Single Monarch
King/Queen made all decisions
-Efficient w/ one ruler but relies on quality of monarch

Question 8

Liberalism

Answer 8

1848 Revolutions
-Power was people shared w/ Monarch
-People suggest ideas and monarch makes them happen
-People had power but tension b/w people and govnt.

Question 9

Marxism

Answer 9

Russia and Bolshevik Revolution
-Works with caretaker govnt.
-Workers seize resources to create new system abolishing private property
-Safety measures created but this form didn’t work b/c people value private property

Question 10

Fascism

Answer 10

Mussolini and Italy
-State (in form of dictator who embodies state)
-Society is oriented to glorify national state
-Seems to boost state but does so in a destructive way like targeting groups and often going to war

Question 11

Renaissance

Answer 11

(1300-1550)
A rebirth of classical culture (Ancient Rome and Greece)

Question 12

Reformation

Answer 12

Church of England breaks away from Catholic Church

Question 13

Enlightenment

Answer 13

Movement with great emphasis on human reason as basis of knowledge

Question 14

Scale (in relation to conflict)

Answer 14

Size and armies of battle

Question 15

Industrialization (in relation to conflict)

Answer 15

New tech. , lives became expendable, affected economics and live of people back home

Question 16

Nationalism

Answer 16

Identification w/ one’s nation

Question 17

Nuremberg Trials

Answer 17

Post WW2 trials of Nazis

Question 18

Marshall Plan

Answer 18

US gives money to Europe for trade and prevention of Communism

Question 19

Social Market Economy

Answer 19

Economic policy promoting market freedoms w/ social programs to act as safety nets

Question 20

NATO (US)/ Warsaw Pact (USSR)

Answer 20

Defensive alliances

Question 21

European Steel and Coal Community

Answer 21

Free trade of steel and coal (France and Germany are most important)
-Starts Franco-German Partnership

Question 22

Berlin Wall

Answer 22

Wall separating East and West Berlin
Keeps people in East Germany

Question 23

Brezhnev Doctrine

Answer 23

Soviet policy saying USSR can and will intervene to support Comm. govnt.

Question 24

Perestroika

Answer 24

Policy allowing people to explore market principles (promoted small businesses)

Question 25

1989 (E. Europe)

Answer 25

Democratic movements peacefully forced Comm. govnt. out of power

Question 26

Yugoslav Wars

Answer 26

Yugoslavia breaks up (ethnicity + religion)
-bloody massacres and genocide

Question 27

Duverger’s Law

Answer 27

Election methods determine # of parties