Unit 3 Flashcards
Milieu Therapy
This therapy provides a structured environment in order to effect behavioral changes and to improve the psychological health and functioning of the individual.
The milieu should be inclusive of all members and follow democratic principles whenever possible to promote autonomy and group norming.
Token economy - Like AA when they receive a coin
Types of Families
Traditional Nuclear (Married)
Nuclear (Unmarried)
Step
Single Parent
Same Sex
Generational
Grandparent
Adoptive
Foster
Many, many, many more
Healthy Family
Make Each Person Feel Valued, Important, and Respected
Provide a Safe, Secure Place to Grow
Express Unconditional Love and Belonging
Engage in Open Communication
Refuse to Abuse
Spend Quality Time Together
Provide all Necessities and Health Requirements
Sees Mistakes as Life Lessons
Have Defined Traditional Roles for Parents, Children, Extended Family
Provide Necessary Structure, Rules
Respect Boundaries
Dysfunctional Family
Members do not respect one another
Unstable and unsafe environment stifles growth
Openly hostile and express more negative feedback
Strict rules on what can be said, who can hear it, how it can be said
Avoid one another or certain members of the family on purpose
Do not provide emotional and medical needs
Sees mistakes as weapons to use against one another
Have no defined roles, blurred roles and expectations
Structure and rules either too extreme or missing.
Boundaries not respected.
Rigid Boundaries may exist (think Mafia / Gang / Cults – cannot leave or bring any outsiders in)
Use Triangulation
Dysfunctional family roles
Caretaker (Martyr/Enabler) Tries to keep everyone happy by not actually dealing with problems and taking all the blame onto themselves. Cover up leads to unhealthy coping mechanisms in the family members. Often struggle with anxiety and depression by not dealing with core issues.
Hero: Always right and perfect. Receives high amount of praise and positive attention in the family. The hero has to live up to these expectations and often feels like they cannot make their own decisions. Extreme pressure to be successful can lead to anxiety and depression.
Scapegoat: “Black sheep”. Always seen as a problem – never good enough. May have a disability. Receives high amount of negative attention and more discipline. Has a hard time fitting in with the rest of the family members. Often impulsive and angry. The scapegoat feels shame and like a failure and has little motivation to succeed. Needs to stop the “splitting” thinking that they are all “bad”.
Lost Child: Child that is ignored, quiet and feels invisible. Low sense of self-identity. Not pushed to succeed. Feels alone and misunderstood. May have learning disabilities, depression and SI. Needs to learn they have value and connect with others.
Clown (Mascot): Popular with other kids but not always adults. Using humor to cover up depression and mask serious issues in the family. Tends to be a follower. Needs to learn assertiveness techniques and take themselves seriously.
The Addict (Patient): Takes on addict/sick role in the family. The family ralies around them which distracts the family from other issues. The addict resists treatment in order to keep the family together until they get angry that they are the only ones that everyone thinks needs “help”.
Placater: One member of the family tries to sooth someone who is angry or upset by making concessions. (A mother buys her child a new toy when they throw a tantrum in the toy store to get the child to stop crying.)
Family Therapy
The goals are to define and clarify relationships among and between family members and develop 1:1 relationships over “triangles” which are unhealthy emotional systems and to encourage members to be seen as individuals rather than established family roles and histories.
Examine your family’s ability to solve problems and express thoughts and emotions in a productive manner
Explore family roles, rules and behavior patterns to identify issues that contribute to conflict — and ways to work through these issues
Identify your family’s strengths, such as caring for one another, and weaknesses, such as difficulty confiding in one another
Psychodynamic Psychotherapy
Freud
Requires months and years of therapy to work consistently and prevent old thought patterns from re-emerging.
Requires the client to access less of conscious thoughts – but more of unconscious thoughts and feelings
May use hypnosis or drugs to lower inhibitions.
Attempts to uncover defense mechanisms that clients use to protect their ego in order to access the unconscious.
Often uses free association (client says whatever comes to their mind) as well as dream analysis and interpretation and role playing between therapist and client.
Cognitive Therapy
Didactic learning (teach client how to become their own therapist)
Cognitive techniques (ways to modify automatic thoughts)
Behavioral interventions (to modify maladaptive cognitions and behavior’s from them.)
Most therapist today use a combination of cognitive and behavior therapy known as CBT
