Unit 2C- Food Flashcards
1
Q
How is global food supply uneven?
A
- Certain countries and regions produce more food than others, such as North America compared to Central Africa
- HICs consume more food than LICs and can afford to pay more for imports
2
Q
What is food security?
A
- When the entire population of a country has access to enough safe and nutritious food to maintain an active and healthy life
3
Q
Why is global food consumption increasing?
A
- Rising population
- People having more disposable income, meaning they can buy more, and eat more foods that are seasonal
- Industrialisation means that foods are produced for cheaper
4
Q
How are physical factors affecting food supply?
A
- Climate (droughts, heatwaves, floods)
- Water stress (low irrigation and rainfall)
- Pests and disease
5
Q
How are human factors affecting food supply?
A
- Poverty (unable to own land or efficient technology)
- Mechanisation (increase supply through increasing efficiency)
- War and conflict (damage land and affect imports and exports)
6
Q
What are negative impacts of food insecurity?
A
- Famine
- Undernutrition
- Soil erosion
- Rising prices
- Social unrest
7
Q
What is irrigation?
A
- Artificially watering land to make drier areas more productive and increase yield
- Involves: gravity flow, sprinklers or drip systems
8
Q
What is hydroponics and aeroponics?
A
- Methods of growing plants without soil
- Hydroponics involves growing plants in a nutrient solution, with materials like clay balls to support it
- Aeroponics involve suspending plants in the air, spraying with a nutrient solution, before re-using solution that dripped off
- Both require less water and reduce risk of pests, but are more expensive that normally growing
9
Q
What is biotechnology?
A
- Involves genetically engineering crops, so that they are produced faster, more nutritious and greater resistance to disease or drought
- Ethical and environmental concerns
10
Q
What is the ‘New Green Revolution’?
A
- Involves a project to grow foods and crops more sustainably
- Involves using GM as well as traditional methods that are organic and require less chemical and fertilisers
11
Q
What is appropriate technology?
A
- Ways of increasing food production that are suited to the needs and skills and income of the locals
- For example, smaller wells with a manual pump are more suited to remote villages in LICs than larger, diesel-powered wells
12
Q
How is industrial agriculture bad for the environment?
A
- Uses 70% of the World’s fresh water supply, as well as relying on chemicals and pesticides
- It can also permanently damage the soil by removing nutrients
13
Q
What is permaculture?
A
- Aims to produce food in a way that mimics natural ecosystems, in order to limit harm to other wildlife
- May involve methods such as mixed cropping and natural predators
13
Q
What is organic farming?
A
- This involves natural processes such as crop rotation and natural fertilisers to increase yield
- Without the use of chemicals
- May also involve selling produce locally, reducing food miles
14
Q
What are urban farming initiatives?
A
- This is involves using empty land, roof tops and balconies to grow crops and animals in a city
- Makes locally available produce, as well as adding green spaces to the city
